SynthesisDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026
Effects of High-Protein Diets on Renal Function and Body Composition in Adults Without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials.
Synthesis in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of High-Protein Diets on Renal Function and Body Composition in Adults Without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigh-protein diets are widely prescribed for weight management and metabolic control, yet concerns persist regarding their impact on renal function, particularly due to diet-induced hyperfiltration.
objectiveWe evaluated the effects of high-protein diets compared with normal- or low-protein (NPL) diets on renal function and body composition in adults without chronic kidney disease.
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to May 2026 to identify randomised controlled trials comparing high-protein diets (typically ranging from approximately 25%-35% of total energy intake or ≥ 2.0 g/kg/day) with NPL diets in adults without chronic kidney disease. We defined estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine as primary outcomes. We evaluated body fat percentage, total fat mass and fat-free mass as secondary outcomes. We performed random-effects meta-analyses using restricted maximum likelihood estimation. We assessed risk of bias with the Cochrane RoB 2 tool and evaluated certainty of evidence using GRADE.
resultsWe included 22 randomised controlled trials. High-protein diets increased eGFR compared with control diets (standardised mean difference 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.09-0.69; I
conclusionsHigh-protein diets were associated with increases in eGFR without consistent biochemical evidence of renal injury in adults without chronic kidney disease. However, because most available studies were of relatively short duration and frequently relied on creatinine-based estimates of renal function, the long-term renal implications of these findings remain uncertain.
trial registrationPROSPERO: CRD420251014114.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.