Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42292033›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026

Nature-Inspired Alternatives to PEG for Next-Generation Long-Circulating Nanocarriers.

Nasrullah Jan, Mokhtar Rejili

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Nasrullah JanDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-1279-2397
Mokhtar RejiliDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has long been considered as the gold standard for imparting stealth properties to nanocarriers. However, the recent emergence of anti-PEG antibodies has spurred innovation toward nature-inspired alternatives. By mimicking the structural and functional architectures of biological systems such as cell membranes and protein corona, nanocarriers can be engineered to achieve prolonged circulation, superior biocompatibility, and active targeting capabilities. This perspective presents nature-inspired alternatives to PEG, including cell membranes and the protein corona, for extending the circulation time of nanocarriers. It also highlights current challenges associated with these nature-inspired alternatives and outlines future research directions to overcome these hurdles in designing next-generation long-circulating nanocarriers.

Indexed as

Biomimetic MaterialsDrug CarriersNanoparticlesPolyethylene GlycolsAnimalsCell MembraneHumansDrug CarriersPolyethylene GlycolsABC phenomenoncell membraneslong circulationprotein corona

Identifiers

PMID42292033
PMCPMC13263173

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.