ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Association of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with all-cause mortality and cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality in elderly patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: a cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome typically involves multiple metabolic dysregulations. The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), as a novel lipid metabolism biomarker, has been demonstrated to correlate with risks of mortality, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between NHHR and mortality risk remains unclear in elderly populations with CKM syndrome stages 0-3. Methods: This cohort study included 424,648 participants aged ≥ 65 years with CKM stages 0-3 from the Guangzhou Older Longitudinal Dynamic Health Cohort. Outcomes were all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality. We calculated the baseline NHHR, categorized participants by their quartiles, and employed Cox models and restricted cubic splines to examine the association between NHHR and mortality. Mediation analysis initially explored the potential role of estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) in these associations. Results: During a median follow-up of 4.93 years, 43,457 deaths occurred, including 19,590 from cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. After multivariable adjustment, both the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q4) NHHR quartiles showed higher risks compared with Q3 for all-cause mortality (Q1: HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.10-1.16; Q4: HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04-1.10) and cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality (Q1: HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.13; Q4: HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07-1.16). Restricted cubic spline analyses suggested significant nonlinear (U-shaped) associations, with inflection points at 2.95 and 2.89 for the two outcomes. Mediation analysis suggested that ePWV accounted for approximately 40.16% of the association with cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality. Conclusion: A U-shaped association was observed between NHHR and the risks of all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality in elderly individuals with CKM stages 0-3. These findings suggest NHHR may serve as an exploratory biomarker associated with mortality risk, but further validation is needed before clinical application. Clinical trial registration: Identifier (ChiCTR2400089945).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.