Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42296430›Full record

ArticleBiotechnology and bioengineering2026

GeneSEA Explorer: An R Shiny Tool for Differential Gene Expression Analysis With Shannon's Entropy Aggregation.

Ana Margarida Gonçalves, Pedro Macedo, Patrício Costa, Nuno S Osório

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biotechnology and bioengineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ana Margarida GonçalvesCenter for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0800-0019
Pedro MacedoCenter for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4371-8069
Patrício CostaLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1201-9177
Nuno S OsórioLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0949-5399

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has become the primary method for differential gene expression (DGE) analyses in transcriptome research. Despite the widespread use of R packages like Deseq2 and edgeR for RNA-seq data analysis, a persistent challenge that still remains is the variability in differentially expressed gene (DEG) lists that arises from the choice of normalization method, complicating the identification of a stable and biologically meaningful set of DEGs. Furthermore, the complexity of these packages often requires programming proficiency, leading researchers to rely on default normalization methods or to choose those they are most familiar with. Consequently, comparative analyses of DGE results across different normalization methods are frequently overlooked. We introduce a novel Shiny application, GeneSEA Explorer, developed to perform DGE and functional enrichment analyses while incorporating several normalization methods. The application presents results through interactive plots and tables, enhancing data visualization and interpretation. Notably, it employs Shannon entropy, a novel and innovative approach in transcriptomics, to aggregate DGE results, providing reliable outcomes to support research conclusions. GeneSEA Explorer is a user-friendly interface that enables researchers to effortlessly explore, compare and analyse diverse DGE results across various normalization methods. The innovative incorporation of Shannon entropy to aggregate DGE outputs provides an informative selection of DEGs, enhancing researchers' understanding of their RNA-Seq data results. GeneSEA Explorer is an innovative bioinformatics tool for conducting DGE analysis. It is designed to minimize challenges for researchers less familiar with this domain while simplifying data exploration, making the process more efficient and accessible. The tool is implemented in R Shiny and is available at https://github.com/MargaridaGoncalves/GeneSEA-Explorer.

Indexed as

Computational BiologyGene Expression ProfilingSequence Analysis, RNASoftwareEntropyBioinformaticsDEGDGE AnalysisNormalizationRNA SequencingR Shiny ApplicationShannon Entropy

Identifiers

PMID42296430
PMCPMC13521463

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.