Evidence mapPaperPMID 42297761Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Temporal Trends and Clinical Characteristics of Incretin-Based Therapy Use in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Real-World Cohort Study From a Polish Private Healthcare Network.

Artur Dziewierz, Natalia Kulicka, Kaja Stolarska, Anesa Ahmatovic, Justyna Domienik-Karłowicz, Anna Rulkiewicz, Zbigniew Siudak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Artur DziewierzClinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-5076
Natalia KulickaClinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
Kaja StolarskaCollegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8849-1141
Anesa AhmatovicCollegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2350-2466
Justyna Domienik-KarłowiczDepartment of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Anna RulkiewiczLUX MED Group, Warsaw, Poland.
Zbigniew SiudakCollegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-3977

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide are increasingly used for weight and cardiometabolic management, but real-world prescribing patterns in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain poorly characterised.

methodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of 38 263 adult women with ICD-coded PCOS in the LUX MED network, Poland, using electronic health records data from July 2006 to April 2026. The primary analysis included women diagnosed with PCOS in 2018-2024 and evaluated prescription-recorded initiation of GLP-1 RA/GIP-GLP-1 RA therapy within 365 days after the index diagnosis. Temporal trends were assessed using logistic regression with unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted models.

resultsOverall, 4557 women (11.9%) had a recorded GLP-1 RA/GIP-GLP-1 RA prescription and 16 381 (42.8%) received metformin. Among incretin-based therapy users, 75.5% had metformin co-exposure, whereas only 11.5% had coded type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recorded BMI was higher among GLP-1 RA/GIP-GLP-1 RA users than among metformin-only or untreated women (median 31.2 vs. 26.3 and 22.1 kg/m

conclusionsIncretin-based therapy use in PCOS increased markedly over time, suggesting expansion beyond classical glycaemic indications toward weight-focused and cardiometabolic management. Studies using dispensing, persistence, safety and outcome data are needed.

Indexed as

Hypoglycemic AgentsIncretinsPolycystic Ovary SyndromeAdultCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHumansMetforminPolandRetrospective StudiesTirzepatideYoung AdultGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsIncretinsMetforminTirzepatidecohort studiesdrug utilizationglucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistsobesitypolycystic ovary syndrometirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID42297761
PMCPMC13448982

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.