Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42299579›Full record

ArticleMedicine2026

Red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio and chronic kidney disease mortality in adults: A population-based NHANES 1999 to 2020 study.

Dong Wang, Zhengyang Zhu, Kejun Ren, Xiaowei Duan, Xulei Hu, Yong Lv, Hua Jin, Lei Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Dong WangDepartment of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
Kejun Ren
Xiaowei Duan
Xulei Hu
Yong Lv
Hua Jin
Lei Zhang

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province 2308085MH292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with systemic inflammation and malnutrition, but prognostic tools integrating these pathways are lacking. This study investigated the red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio (RAR) as a novel biomarker for predicting all-cause mortality in CKD patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2020 data (N = 40,133, including 6795 CKD cases). The RAR was derived from standardized laboratory measurements. Multivariable Cox regression with restricted cubic splines analyzed mortality risk, complemented by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis and mediation analysis. Models were adjusted for 38 covariates spanning demographics, comorbidities, and biochemical parameters. Among 40,133 participants (6795 CKD cases) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2020), elevated RAR was independently linked to higher mortality risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.66-2.70, P < .001). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear association, with an optimal RAR threshold of 4.26. Patients with RAR > 4.26 faced a 70% increased mortality risk compared to those ≤4.26 (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.58-1.82, P < .001). RAR surpassed red cell distribution width alone in predicting 1-year mortality (area under the curve = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.57-0.60 vs 0.55, 95% CI = 0.54-0.57; P < .001). Subgroup analyses showed stronger mortality associations in males (HR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.96-2.69), alcohol consumers (HR = 2.60, 95% CI = 2.20-3.01), and nonanemic individuals (HR = 2.45, 95% CI = 2.10-2.85; P interaction < .05). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio mediated 7.89% of RAR's mortality risk. RAR, a composite biomarker reflecting erythrocyte instability and inflammation, provides robust prognostic value for CKD mortality. Its threshold (4.26) enables practical risk stratification, particularly in resource-limited settings. These findings support RAR's integration into clinical workflows to improve personalized CKD management.

Indexed as

Erythrocyte IndicesRenal Insufficiency, ChronicSerum AlbuminAdultAgedBiomarkersFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsROC CurveBiomarkersSerum Albuminall-cause mortalitychronic kidney diseaseneutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioNHANESprognosisred cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio

Identifiers

PMID42299579
PMCPMC13268450

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.