Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42300811›Full record

ArticleJournal of phycology2026

Redescription and neotypification of Alexandrium minutum Halim-the type species of Alexandrium-from its type locality in Alexandria, Egypt, with insights into ribotype biogeography and toxicity.

Shuning Huang, Haifeng Gu, Bernd Krock, Nihal G Shams El-Din, Øjvind Moestrup, Ewenn Cochet, Kenneth Mertens

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of phycology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shuning HuangKey Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.
Haifeng GuKey Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2350-9171
Bernd KrockAlfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
Nihal G Shams El-DinNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-3002
Øjvind MoestrupDepartment of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Ewenn CochetIfremer, LITTORAL, Concarneau, France.
Kenneth MertensIfremer, LITTORAL, Concarneau, France.

Funding

National Science Foundation of Xiamen 3502Z202673069Scientific Research Foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR 2025031
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alexandrium minutum Halim, the generitype species of the toxigenic Alexandrium, was described from a 1958 bloom in the Eastern Harbour, Alexandria (Egypt), but has never been re-examined with modern methods from the type locality. Here, we establish a monoclonal strain (TIO1796) by cyst germination from Alexandria's port sediment and a second strain (TIO1816) from plankton samples from the Gulf of Suez. Cell morphology of both cultured strains and plankton samples was examined using scanning electron and light microscopy. The plate formula of A. minutum was identified as Po, *4', 6'', 6C, 9S, 5''', 2p, 1''''. Our results confirmed the consistent presence of a ventral pore and a variable connection between Po and 1'. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on LSU rRNA gene and ITS rRNA region sequences revealed four ribotypes (A-D) of A. minutum. The LSU rRNA gene and ITS rRNA region sequences of both strains were identical and belong to the widespread ribotype A ("Global/Mediterranean clade"). The other ribotypes are restricted to the Asia-Pacific region. Strain TIO1796 (type locality) was non-toxic regarding paralytic shellfish toxin (PST < 0.024 pg · cell

Indexed as

DinoflagellidaEgyptMarine ToxinsPhylogenyPhylogeographyRibotypingRNA, AlgalMarine ToxinsRNA, Algalcryptic speciescystsdinoflagellatesGulf of Suezharmful algal bloomsneotypenon‐toxic strainparalytic shellfish toxinRed Searibotype A

Identifiers

PMID42300811
PMCPMC13485210

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.