Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42301592›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026

Combined Impact of Sarcopenia and Low Visceral Adiposity on Postoperative Outcomes and Survival After Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer.

Taro Goda, Masaki Nakamura, Keiji Hayata, Junya Kitadani, Shinta Tominaga, Naoki Fukuda, Tomoki Nakai, Shotaro Nagano, Manabu Kawai

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Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Taro GodaSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Masaki NakamuraSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan. twinsmasaki@me.com.
Keiji HayataSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Junya KitadaniSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Shinta TominagaSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Naoki FukudaSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Tomoki NakaiSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Shotaro NaganoSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Manabu KawaiSecond Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEsophageal cancer has a poor prognosis despite advances in multimodal treatment. Sarcopenia and low visceral adiposity have each been linked to adverse outcomes in some malignancies, but their combined impact on postoperative morbidity and survival after esophagectomy remains unclear.

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 450 consecutive patients (2009-2019) who underwent curative esophagectomy. Preoperative computed tomography was used to assess the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and visceral adipose tissue index (VAI). Patients were classified according to sarcopenia status and low versus non-low VAI and stratified into groups: NN (normal SMI/normal VAI), NLA (normal SMI/low VAI), SN (low SMI [sarcopenia]/normal VAI), or SLA (low SMI [sarcopenia]/low VAI). Postoperative complications, overall survival, and disease-free survival were evaluated, with multivariate analyses identifying independent predictors.

resultsPostoperative complications occurred in 50.9% of patients and were more common in those with sarcopenia than in those without (p<0.0001), whereas low VAI alone was not associated with increased morbidity. Among the four groups, complication rates were highest in the SN and SLA groups (p=0.0002). Overall survival differed among the groups, with the poorest survival observed in the SLA group (p<0.0001). On multivariate analysis, SLA was an independent predictor of poorer overall survival (hazard ratio 1.851; 95% confidence interval 1.105-3.101, p=0.0193). Disease-free survival did not significantly differ among the groups. Non-cancer-related deaths were more common in the NLA, SN, and SLA groups than in the NN group.

conclusionsSarcopenia combined with low visceral adiposity increases postoperative morbidity and worsens overall survival, driven mainly by non-cancer-related causes.

Indexed as

AdiposityEsophageal NeoplasmsEsophagectomyIntra-Abdominal FatPostoperative ComplicationsSarcopeniaAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateEsophageal cancerEsophagectomyLow visceral adiposityPostoperative complicationSarcopeniaSurvival

Identifiers

PMID42301592

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.