Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42301946›Full record

ArticleJournal of vascular research2026

Effects of Exercise Mode and Intensity on Retinal Microvascular Structure and Function in Heart Failure Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Pilot Exercise Intervention Trial.

Lukas Streese, Egbert Thomas Ritter, Raphael Schoch, Julia Maria Kröpfl, Christoph Hauser, Benedikt Gasser, Thomas Dieterle, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Henner Hanssen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of vascular research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lukas StreeseDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Egbert Thomas RitterDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Raphael SchochDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Julia Maria KröpflDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Christoph HauserDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Benedikt GasserDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Thomas DieterleDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Arno Schmidt-TrucksässDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Henner HanssenDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, henner.hanssen@unibas.ch.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe aimed to investigate the effect of different exercise modes on retinal microvascular endothelial function in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

methodsTwenty-eight patients were randomly allocated to either a moderate (MCT) or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group for 12 weeks. Retinal microvascular structure and function were investigated by analyzing central retinal arteriolar (CRAE) and venular (CRVE) diameter equivalents, the arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio (AVR), and the dynamic arteriolar (aFID) and venular (vFID) flicker light-induced dilation response.

resultsTwenty patients (mean age 70 ± 9 years) were included in the final analysis. After HIIT, AVR increased (0.80 ± 0.03 vs. 0.83 ± 0.04, p = 0.03) due to arteriolar widening. CRAE increased (157 ± 18 µm vs. 164 ± 18 µm, p = 0.05), but CRVE did not change (196 ± 27 µm vs. 197 ± 24 µm, p = 0.56). After MCT, AVR also increased (0.80 ± 0.08 vs. 0.83 ± 0.06, p = 0.02) without significant changes in CRAE (160 ± 19 µm vs. 165 ± 18 µm, p = 0.07) or CRVE (201 ± 14 µm vs. 199 ± 14 µm, p = 0.40). aFID improved after MCT (2.1 ± 1.6% vs. 3.1 ± 1.8%, p = 0.03) but not after the HIIT intervention (2.1 ± 1.7% vs. 2.4 ± 2.1%, p = 0.60). vFID did not statistically significant change neither in the HIIT (4.4 ± 2.2% vs. 3.4 ± 1.9%, p = 0.06) nor in the MCT (4.3 ± 2.2% vs. 5.5 ± 4.1%, p = 0.26) group.

conclusionMCT and HIIT are both adequate therapy options to improve microvascular health in patients with HFpEF.

Indexed as

Cardiac rehabilitationEndothelial functionExercise interventionHeart failure with preserved ejection fractionRetinal microvascular health

Identifiers

PMID42301946
PMCPMC13432933

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.