Evidence mapPaperPMID 42304500Full record

ArticleFluids and barriers of the CNS2026

Role of SCF/c-KIT axis in pericyte TNT-guided vessel branching.

Daniela Virgintino, Antonio d'Amati, Tiziana Annese, Michelina De Giorgis, Antonella Bizzoca, Ignazio de Trizio, Thomas Wälchli, Marianna Sgarlata, Ramani Ramchandran, Roberto Perris and 2 more

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Article in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Daniela Virgintino *Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.
Antonio d'Amati *Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.
Tiziana AnneseDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, Libera Università del Mediterraneo (LUM) Giuseppe Degennaro University, Bari, Italy.
Michelina De GiorgisHuman Anatomy and Histology Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.
Antonella BizzocaHuman Anatomy and Histology Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.
Ignazio de TrizioInstitute for Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Thomas WälchliBrain Vasculature and Perivascular Niche Laboratory, Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
Marianna SgarlataCentre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Ramani RamchandranDivision of Neonatology, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute (CRI), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Roberto PerrisCentre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Francesco Girolamo *Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.
Mariella Errede *Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy. mariella.errede@uniba.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the developing human brain, forebrain pericytes of neural crest origin are proposed to exert their function at the leading front of growing vessels. The combined sprouts are made up by an endothelial tip cell and a more advanced pericyte extended tunnelling nanotube (TNT), which forms 'intervascular bridges' during vessel branching. To better understand of the process of pericyte TNTs (P-TNTs)-guided vessel growth, we have immunolocalized the c-KIT (CD117) receptor and its ligand SCF, as a possible 'non canonical' signaling pathway involved in endothelium-pericyte interactions during the pericyte-driven mode of sprouting.

methodsImmunofluorescent high-resolution confocal microscopy and 3D modelling were applied on human developing brain and glioblastoma (GB) sections. TNTs were revealed by sequential scanning of 20-µm tissue sections, leveraging on NG2 proteoglycan as a marker of immature/re-activated pericytes and on collagen type IV (COL IV) as a TNT-associated ECM molecule. Confocal-aided morphometry was applied to evaluate the density of NG2

resultsIn both developing brain and GB samples, P-TNTs are seen associated with pericytes budding from parental vessels or advancing at the distal edge of combined vessel sprouts. The number of TNTs largely prevails in fetal brain, compared with peripheral GB areas, while it significantly reduces in tumor core areas. c-KIT

conclusionsP-TNTs, which are tightly associated in situ with endothelial-pericyte combined sprouts, appear to play a dual role during vessel collateralization by bridging the gap between distant vessels and guiding vascular outgrowth. The complementary cellular distribution of c-KIT and SCF observed in endothelial cells and pericytes suggests that both endothelial autocrine/paracrine SCF/c-KIT signaling and pericyte-derived paracrine/juxtacrine SCF cues may contribute to the pericyte-driven mode of vessel branching. Similar observations in GB samples further suggest a potential involvement of pericytes and their P-TNTs in tumor vascularization, although sprouting endothelial cells displayed distinct subcellular patterns of c-KIT expression in fetal versus GB tissues.

Indexed as

AngiogenesisBrainBrain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaPericytesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-kitStem Cell FactorChondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4HumansMicroscopy, ConfocalSignal TransductionChondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kitStem Cell FactorAngiogenesisc-KITGlioblastomaHuman fetal brainPericytesSCFTunnelling nanotubes

Identifiers

PMID42304500
PMCPMC13422300

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.