Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42309593›Full record

ArticleJournal, genetic engineering & biotechnology2026

Molecular and morphological insights into the diversity of Moringa oleifera: a comparative analysis.

Krishnaja R Nair, D Satish, Virupakshi Hiremata, B Fakrudin, H M Pallavi, Raghavendra Gunnaiah, H M Sowmya, Rekha B Chittapur, Iranagouda B Biradar, Dadapeer Peerjade and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Krishnaja R NairScholar, Dept. of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: krishnaja1993@gmail.com.
D SatishAssociate Professor of GPB, Dept. of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: satish.d@uhsbagalkot.edu.in.
Virupakshi HiremataNational Post Doctoral Fellow (ANRF), Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: virugpb2019@gmail.com.
B FakrudinDirector of Research, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: bfakurdin@uhsbagalkot.edu.in.
H M PallaviAssociate Professor of SST, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: pallavi.hm@uhsbagalkot.edu.in.
Raghavendra GunnaiahAssistant Professor of Molecular Biology, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: raghavendra.gunnaiah@uhsbagalkot.edu.in.
H M SowmyaPhD Scholar, Dept. of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: sowmyakushi00@gmail.com.
Rekha B ChittapurAssistant Professor of GPB, Dept. of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: rekha20@gmail.com.
Iranagouda B BiradarSpecial Officer, College of Horticulture Almel, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: dribbiradar@gmail.com.
Dadapeer PeerjadeProfessor of GPB, Dept. of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: dadaiabt@gmail.com.
Sanganabasav GollagiAssociate Professor of Crop Physiology, Dept. of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: sanganabasavg@gmail.com.
Prabhudev S AjjappalavaraProfessor of Vegetable Science, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India. Electronic address: prabhuveg@gmail.com.
R C JagadeeshaVice Chancellor, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, India. Electronic address: rcjagadeesha@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the genetic diversity of the highly valued multipurpose tree species, drumstick, is crucial for effective breeding and conservation efforts. To evaluate the genetic diversity among 23 drumstick genotypes using both morphological and molecular markers. In a field study, eleven qualitative and twenty-one quantitative morphological traits were evaluated. Additionally, sixty-five genomic microsatellite (SSR) markers were utilized for molecular characterization, among which forty-four demonstrated polymorphism. The morphological study uncovered both qualitative and quantitative differences among the genotypes. Correlation and path analysis identified key traits that influence yield, i.e weight of individual pods and the no. of pods per plant. Genetic divergence analysis based on morphological data grouped the genotypes into six distinct clusters, highlighting significant inter-cluster distances that could be leveraged for heterosis breeding. Molecular marker analysis using the 44 polymorphic SSRs demonstrated substantial genetic diversity, with an average of 5.09 alleles per locus and a mean PIC of 0.57. Observed heterozygosity was relatively low (0.09) compared to expected heterozygosity (0.59), suggesting potential inbreeding or population structure. Phylogenetic analysis based on SSR data using a neighbor-joining tree clustered the 23 genotypes into three main groups, revealing distinct genetic divergence. The combined insights from morphological and molecular analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of the genetic diversity within the studied drumstick germplasm, offering valuable information for targeted breeding strategies and the effective conservation of this important species.

Indexed as

DiversityMolecular markersMoringaQualitativeQuantitative

Identifiers

PMID42309593
PMCPMC13098429

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.