Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42309607›Full record

ArticleJournal, genetic engineering & biotechnology2026

Ancient DNA reveals pig domestication history in Northeastern China.

Hualin Tao, Mingmin Zheng, Bo Xiao, Shiwen Song, Fancheng Xing, Rong Guan, Yan Zhu, Shan Jiang, Xulong Lai, Junxia Yuan and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hualin TaoState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Mingmin ZhengState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Bo XiaoState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Shiwen SongState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Fancheng XingPalaeontological Fossil Conservation Center, Qinggang County, Suihua 151600, China.
Rong GuanNew Barag Left Banner Museum, Hulun Buir, Inner Mongolia 021299, China.
Yan ZhuState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Shan JiangState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Xulong LaiState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Junxia YuanState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China. Electronic address: yuanjx@cug.edu.cn.
Guilian ShengState Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China. Electronic address: glsheng@cug.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pigs (Sus scrofa) were independently domesticated in the Near East and East Asia about 10,000 years ago. As one of the earliest livestock, their domestication process is closely intertwined with human activities. Previous studies have identified the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Yellow River basin, and the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River as major domestication centers for indigenous Chinese pig breeds. However, whether Northeast China served as another independent center remains debated. To address this issue, we obtained ten near-complete mitochondrial genomes from pig teeth collected from Northeast China. Using phylogenetic analysis, we examined the maternal genetic relationships between these ancient individuals and other pig populations across different historical periods in China. Our results reveal the presence of an ancient, now-extinct lineage of domestic pigs in Northeast China, with no genetic links between ancient and modern pig populations in this region. These findings suggest that the available molecular data do not support Northeast China as an independent pig domestication center. Moreover, we demonstrate that the continuous and diverse human cultures in China significantly influenced the effective population size dynamics of domestic pigs over time.

Indexed as

Ancient DNADomesticationHuman cultureMitochondrial genomeNorthern ChinaSus scrofa

Identifiers

PMID42309607
PMCPMC13157208

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.