Evidence mapPaperPMID 42311949Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026

Prognostic impact of the combined effects of lipoprotein(a) and homocysteine in patients with premature myocardial infarction: a prospective cohort study.

Yuhang Wang, Jingyu Liu, Xiaowei Li, Saidinisa Ruzemaimaiti, Changping Li, Yin Liu, Jing Gao

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Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yuhang WangClinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Jingyu LiuClinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Xiaowei LiDepartment of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Saidinisa RuzemaimaitiClinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Changping LiSchool of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Yin LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Jing GaoClinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal driver of atherosclerosis, yet the interaction between Lp(a)-driven lipid accumulation and a prothrombotic state induced by hyperhomocysteinemia has not been systematically investigated in this high-risk population. From a clinical nutrition perspective, homocysteine (HCY) is a critical modifiable metabolite influenced by B vitamins and folate, making this interaction particularly relevant for dietary or supplementation strategies. This study aims to systematically evaluate the independent and combined prognostic significance of Lp(a) and homocysteine (HCY) in premature myocardial infarction (PMI). Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 1741 PMI patients (aged ≤55 years) at Tianjin Chest Hospital (January 2018-June 2023). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to explore nonlinearity between Lp(a)/HCY and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). HCY was analyzed both as a continuous variable and, for exploratory stratification, dichotomized at the clinically referenced threshold of 15 μmol/L. The cutoff for Lp(a) was pre-specified as 50 mg/dL based on clinical guidelines and further validated by maximally selected rank statistics (MSRS). Survival analyses assessed the effects of these factors on MACE. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) quantified incremental model value. Results: During a median follow-up of 19.6 months, 224 (12.87%) patients experienced MACE. RCS revealed a nonlinear association between Lp(a) and MACE ( Conclusion: This study systematically characterizes the combined prognostic role of Lp(a) and HCY in PMI patients, validating a pragmatic "50-15" dual-threshold strategy for MACE risk stratification. The findings support a precision nutrition approach, suggesting that patients with dual elevation may benefit from targeted B-vitamin or folate supplementation as a low-cost adjunctive strategy.

Indexed as

combined effectshomocysteinelipoprotein(a)major adverse cardiovascular eventspremature myocardial infarction

Identifiers

PMID42311949
PMCPMC13268957

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.