In one paragraphArticle in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
28 authors.
Martineau LouineUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Ravi DandekarUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2930-3043 Sumanth P ReddyUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6275-6001 Mary C KaraliusUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3570-5353 Greer WaldropUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6408-2330 Shiyin WangUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Jane GakuruInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Abdu K MusubireInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Mahsa AbassiDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9601-3006 Mable KabahubyaInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Darlisha A WilliamsDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.
Hoang Van PhanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco.ORCID 0000-0002-0162-4283 Biyue DaiDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4747-3687 Maham ZiaUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Kelsey C ZornUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1227-2137 Camille FouassierUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Chloe GerunganUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Pedro S MarraUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7171-2169 Caleb P SkipperDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0000-8876 Nathan C BahrDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9431-8938 Charles R LangelierDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco.ORCID 0000-0002-6708-4646 David R BoulwareDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4715-0060 David B MeyaInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Michael R WilsonUCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8705-5084 Funding
University of California Launching Future Leaders in Global Health Research Training ProgramD43TW009343 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CRAIG R COHEN, Sung-Jae Lee · 2017 to 2026
$14.7MImproving Diagnostics and Neurocognitive Outcomes in HIV/AIDS-related MeningitisR01NS086312 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI David R Boulware, David Bisagaya Meya · 2013 to 2026
$8.3MUCSF-UCB Tuberculosis Research Advancement Center (TRAC)P30AI168440 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JEFFERY S COX, PAYAM NAHID · 2022 to 2026
$5.8MDetermining the performance and accuracy of SILVAMP TB LAM and cost-effectiveness of diagnostic testing for TB meningitis.R01AI170158 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Nathan Bahr · 2022 to 2026
$3.5MRedefining Tuberculosis Meningitis with Metagenomics and Host TransciptomicsR01AI145437 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI WILSON, MICHAEL R · 2019 to 2023
$3.5MTuberculosis Research and Mentorship Program (TB RAMP II)R25AI147375 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Elizabeth Fair, PAYAM NAHID · 2020 to 2026
$2.8MIllumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing SystemS10OD028511 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHOW, ERIC D · 2020 to 2020
$583kFIC NIH HHS D43 TW009343NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI168440NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI145437NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI170158NIAID NIH HHS R25 AI147375NIH HHS S10 OD028511NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS086312Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
backgroundTB meningitis (TBM) has up to 50% mortality in people living with HIV. We investigated differences in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) host immune responses associated with short-term mortality.
methodsWe enrolled a prospective cohort of adults with definite, probable and possible HIV-related TBM in Kampala, Uganda. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bulk CSF RNA was used to detect co-infecting or alternate CNS pathogens and refine cohort diagnosis. Host transcriptomic profiles from the refined cohort were then compared between 14-day survivors and non-survivors.
resultsCSF mNGS reclassified or excluded 14% of participants based on pathogen detection, yielding 110 participants for transcriptomic analysis, of whom 23% (n=25) died within 14 days. More than 2000 genes were differentially expressed in the CSF based on 14-day mortality (adjusted p-value <0.05). Survivors upregulated T-cell receptor signaling (LCK, FYN, LAT), T-cell survival and differentiation (IL7, CD27, IL12RB1), B-cell receptor signaling (CD81, PLCG2, TNFRSF13C), cytotoxic lymphocyte and NK cell genes (KLRD1, ULBP1), TNF signaling, and class I MHC antigen processing pathways, while downregulating neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 and classical complement genes C4A and C4B. Unsupervised clustering identified a hypoinflammatory subgroup with significantly elevated mortality.
conclusionsShort-term TBM survival was associated with upregulation of adaptive immunity - including T-cell, B-cell, NK cell, and cytotoxic lymphocyte signaling - alongside TNF signaling and IFN-γ-driven class I MHC antigen processing pathways, with concurrent restraint of complement and neutrophil pathways. This supports investigation of targeted immunomodulatory agents that preserve protective responses while selectively dampening injurious innate pathways, rather than broad immunosuppression with corticosteroids.
Indexed as
cerebrospinal fluidCSFmetagenomic next-generation sequencingmNGSRNA-seqtranscriptomicstuberculosistuberculous meningitis
Identifiers
PMID42313402
PMCPMC13372068
What Socratic holds
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