Evidence mapPaperPMID 42314161Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2026

Design, Development, and Validation of a Chatbot to Support Health Care Professionals Experiencing Workplace Aggression: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

Alba García-Viola, Verónica V Márquez-Hernández, José Miguel Garrido-Molina, Alfredo Alcayde-García, Mª Carmen Rodríguez-García

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Article in JMIR research protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alba García-ViolaAndalusian Health Service, Almería, Andalusia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7998-0261
Verónica V Márquez-Hernández *University of Almería, Almería, Andalusia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-4394
José Miguel Garrido-MolinaCentro de Emergencias Sanitarias 061, Almería, Andalusia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2813-9042
Alfredo Alcayde-GarcíaUniversity of Almería, Almería, Andalusia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-089X
Mª Carmen Rodríguez-GarcíaUniversity of Almería, Almería, Andalusia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-9220

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWorkplace violence against health care professionals has increased worldwide, leading to negative psychological, professional, and organizational outcomes. Despite existing prevention and reporting programs, underreporting and lack of accessible, confidential support persist. Digital health tools, including chatbots, may offer scalable support, guidance, and follow-up for affected professionals.

objectiveThis study aims to design, develop, and validate a chatbot (Sanidad Segura) to assist health care professionals who experience workplace aggression and evaluate its usability, readability, and exploratory indicators of perceived usefulness and support in a pilot study.

methodsThis study will follow a mixed methods design conducted in two main phases: (1) design, development, and content validation of the chatbot based on literature review, institutional protocols, and expert consensus; and (2) pilot-testing, including usability and readability assessment using standardized instruments, as well as feasibility and acceptability evaluation among health care professionals working in emergency and critical care settings in Almería (Spain). The study is aligned with the Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions, incorporating development and feasibility stages. Quantitative data will be collected using the System Usability Scale and Inflesz readability scale. Qualitative data will be collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis to explore user experience and identify barriers to and facilitators of use.

resultsThe study has been funded for a 2-year period starting on December 18, 2024. Quantitative outcomes will include usability scores (System Usability Scale), readability scores (Inflesz), and participants' sociodemographic characteristics. Qualitative findings will identify themes related to usability, user experience, and suggestions for improvement. Integration of quantitative and qualitative findings will be conducted through triangulation to provide a comprehensive understanding of the usability, acceptability, and readability of the chatbot.

conclusionsThis study addresses the increasing incidence of workplace violence against health care professionals through the development of a new chatbot (Sanidad Segura). This intervention seeks to facilitate the identification, support, and follow-up of affected individuals while minimizing the adverse effects of such events on their physical and psychological well-being, social interaction, and professional performance. Sanidad Segura will enable confidential case reporting and provide access to tailored medical, psychological, and legal resources, as well as information about institutional support services. This project represents a crucial step toward implementing an integrated digital framework for the detection, management, and prevention of workplace violence in health care settings. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/92511.

Indexed as

AggressionHealth PersonnelWorkplace ViolenceHumansPilot ProjectsQualitative ResearchResearch DesignSpainSurveys and QuestionnairesWorkplacechatbotdigital health interventionhealth care professionalsviolenceworkplace aggression

Identifiers

PMID42314161
PMCPMC13329325

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.