A Patient and Physician Perspective of Chronic Coronary Syndrome and Persistent Stable Angina in Brazil.

Obstructions in the coronary arteries, arterial vasospasm, and microcirculation dysfunction may cause chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Angina is a cardinal symptom of CCS and the journey of patients with angina is often filled with challenges and uncertainties. Diagnosis and treatment differences seem to vary between men and women with angina. This article is co-authored by a male and a female patient diagnosed with persistent stable angina and their treating cardiologist at the Heart Institute in São Paulo, Brazil. The patients share their personal experiences of more than 20 years of coping with pain and the related impact on their physical capacity, thus illustrating the challenging journey often faced by individuals with angina and how it differs between men and women. They describe the long pathway from the onset of symptoms to the correct diagnosis and list the various interventional procedures they underwent, focusing on the impact of angina on their daily lives. They also mention their participation in a clinical study. The cardiologist discusses the critical elements in the diagnostic process of angina, and reflects on how the misconception that heart disease primarily affects men can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment for women suffering from this condition. Moreover, he emphasizes that many patients experience angina due to myocardial ischemia without obstructive coronary artery disease, highlighting the need to raise disease awareness among healthcare professionals, as well as in society. Finally, the physician underscores the importance of better patient assessment and medical treatment optimization to managing angina and meeting patients' needs and expectations, while prioritizing patient quality of life.