Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42317101›Full record

ArticlePsychological medicine2026

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a comparative analysis of genetic and brain network connectivity.

Hongyan Ren, Yunjia Liu, Yunqi Huang, Yiguo Tang, Liling Xiao, Yulu Wu, Siyi Liu, Yubing Yin, Qianshu Ma, Minhan Dai and 5 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Psychological medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Hongyan RenMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8175-0625
Yunjia LiuMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.ORCID 0009-0008-3584-9879
Yunqi HuangMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yiguo TangMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Liling XiaoMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yulu WuMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Siyi LiuMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yubing YinMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Qianshu MaMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Minhan DaiMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Shiwan TaoMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Min XieMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Mingli LiMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Tao LiAffiliated Mental Health Center Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3831-901X
Qiang WangMental Health Center & National Center for Mental Disorders, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3849-1349

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82230046National Natural Science Foundation of China 82571712
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSchizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe psychiatric conditions with overlapping clinical presentations, genetic risk factors, and brain network dysfunction. Whether alterations in large-scale intrinsic brain networks reflect shared or disorder-specific genetic influences remains poorly understood. Clarifying this distinction is essential for refining etiological models and improving diagnostic precision.

methodsGenome-wide inferred statistics (GWIS) were applied to decompose the genetic architecture of SCZ and BD into shared and unique components. Using resting-state network (RSN) data from the UK Biobank, functional connectivity (FC) and structural connectivity (SC) were extracted as neuroimaging phenotypes. Causal inference approaches were subsequently employed to infer potential directional relationships between brain network connectivity and each disorder.

resultsAnalyses revealed both common and distinct patterns of brain network connectivity associated with SCZ and BD. Notably, SC within the default mode network (DMN) exhibited opposing effects across the two disorders, suggesting divergent structural underpinnings despite clinical overlap. Additionally, SC within the limbic network (LN) and frontotemporal control network demonstrated potential causal relationships with both conditions, implicating these circuits astransdiagnostic neural substrates.

conclusionThese findings illuminate the shared and disorder-specific genetic and neural architecture underlying SCZ and BD. Integrating genome-wide genetic methods with large-scale neuroimaging data offers a powerful framework for disentangling psychiatric comorbidity and may inform more targeted diagnostic criteria and individualized treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderBrainNerve NetSchizophreniaConnectomeDefault Mode NetworkFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedUK Biobankbipolar disorderbrain network connectivitydefault mode networkFunctional connectivityGenetic correlationGenome-wide association study (GWAS)imaging geneticsLimbic networkmendelian randomizationPsychiatric comorbidityresting-state networksschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID42317101
PMCPMC13280692

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.