Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42317796›Full record

ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2026

Regulation of Pore Evolution via Progressive Electroporation Enhanced Intracellular Molecule Transport.

Xiao-Nan Tao, Xiao-Wei Xiang, Hao-Tian Liu, Cai-Hui Zhu, Jing Liu, Ya-Jun Wang, Wei Liu, Yu-Chen Chen, Yu-Lian Zeng, Sai-Xi Yu and 6 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Xiao-Nan TaoSchool of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0205-7986
Xiao-Wei XiangAcademy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Hao-Tian LiuAcademy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Cai-Hui ZhuSchool of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Jing LiuAcademy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Ya-Jun WangShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Wei LiuShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Yu-Chen ChenShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Yu-Lian ZengRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Sai-Xi YuShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Jian QiuSchool of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Guangyin JingSchool of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Photon Technology in Western China Energy, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
Hui ZhaoSchool of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Qihong HuangZhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Yan-Jun LiuShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Ke-Fu LiuSchool of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nonviral intracellular delivery based on pulsed-electric-field-induced electroporation is one of the most effective and widely used platforms in basic biological and biomedical research. However, the conventional bulk electroporation technique has exhibited limited performance in improving delivery efficiency with a single type of pulse, especially for in vivo small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. Pulse modulation has been confirmed effective in facilitating intracellular delivery. Nonetheless, pore evolution and regulation during and after electric exposure plays an essential role in the effective intracellular delivery of molecules with variable sizes. Here, we propose a progressive electroporation (PEP) strategy on the basis of multiple-pulse combination, which decouples the perforation process and delivery process compared to conventional bulk electroporation, efficiently improving delivery efficiency with regulation of the perforated pores. We demonstrated an important correlation between delivery efficiency enhancement and delayed pore resealing by quantitative investigations. The performance of this disruption-and-field-enhancement method also showed delivery advantages over conventional chemical systems. Moreover, we validated the improvement for siRNA knockdown efficacy in vivo. Overall, PEP helps provide a unique insight into improving intracellular delivery, by regulating pore dynamics rather than just inducing perforation. This strategic advancement of PEP may pave the way for the development of advanced wearable delivery systems with reduced energy consumption.

Identifiers

PMID42317796
PMCPMC13274628

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.