Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42318043›Full record

ArticleMilitary Medical Research2026

Burden of antimicrobial resistance in the WHO Southeast Asia and Western Pacific Regions, 1990-2021: a cross-country systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050.

Xiao-Ran Yu, Huan Wang, Jian Wang, Xin Yuan, Xiao-Ding Zhou, Qiu-Shui He, Igor Mokrousov, Lin Sun, Yan-Hui Dong, Zhi-Yong Zou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Military Medical Research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. SIOOTAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xiao-Ran YuInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
Huan WangInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
Jian WangInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
Xin YuanInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
Xiao-Ding ZhouInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
Qiu-Shui HeFinnish Reference Laboratory for Pertussis and Diphtheria, Institute of Biomedicine/InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland.
Igor MokrousovLaboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia.
Lin SunLaboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China.
Yan-Hui DongInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
Zhi-Yong ZouInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) constitutes a critical global health challenge with major implications for public health and economic stability, increasing infection- and sepsis-related mortality. Despite growing evidence on its contribution to disease burden, comprehensive assessments of long-term trends at the regional level remain limited in the World Health Organization (WHO) Southeast Asia Region (SEAR) and Western Pacific Region (WPR). Methods: We used data from the Global Research on Antimicrobial Resistance (GRAM) Project to evaluate sepsis- and AMR-related deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 11 infectious syndromes, 22 pathogens, and 84 pathogen-drug combinations across 42 countries and territories in the WHO SEAR and WPR from 1990 to 2021. AMR burden was estimated under two counterfactual scenarios: deaths and DALYs attributable to AMR (representing the burden if drug-resistant infections were replaced by drug-susceptible infections), and deaths and DALYs associated with AMR (representing the burden if infections did not occur at all). We reported numbers, crude rates, and age-standardized rates, and generated forecasts of AMR burden to 2050 using an autoregressive integrated moving average model. Results: In SEAR and WPR, there were 8.36×10 Conclusions: This study highlights the escalating burden of AMR in SEAR and WPR, emphasizing the urgent need for attention to this persistent and growing crisis. Our analyses underscore the dual challenge of sustaining gains among people <25 years while addressing the alarming increase of AMR in elderly populations. Given the high variability of AMR burden by pathogen, age group, and country, strengthened surveillance and improved laboratory capacity are essential to accurately characterize resistance patterns and guide clinical decision-making.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, MicrobialAnti-Bacterial AgentsAsia, SoutheasternDisability-Adjusted Life YearsForecastingHumansSepsisWorld Health OrganizationAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceBurdenSoutheast Asia Region (SEAR)Western Pacific Region (WPR)

Identifiers

PMID42318043
PMCPMC13273464

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.