Evidence mapPaperPMID 42318261Full record

Trial reportJournal of sports science & medicine2026

Acute Impact of Cold Compression Therapy Across Diverse Age Groups and Physical Conditioning Status: A Randomized Crossover Study.

Robert Trybulski, Adrian Kużdżał, Gracjan Olaniszyn, Ana Filipa Silva, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Wang Hsing-Kuo

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of sports science & medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Robert TrybulskiFaculty of Medicine, Katowice Business University, Katowice, Poland.
Adrian KużdżałInstitute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Collegium Medicum, University of Rzeszów, Poland.
Gracjan OlaniszynFaculty of Medicine, Katowice Business University, Katowice, Poland.
Ana Filipa SilvaFaculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Filipe Manuel ClementeSport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Portugal.
Wang Hsing-KuoSchool and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To test whether a pneumatic cold-compression system (CC) improves recovery of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) at 48 h (T4) versus Sham after a standardized hamstring fatigue protocol. Secondary aims were to compare muscle stiffness, microvascular perfusion, pressure pain threshold (PPT), blood lactate, perceived recovery (TQR), and harms across subgroups. This multicenter, randomized, participant- and assessor-blinded, sham-controlled, two-period crossover trial enrolled 80 participants. After fatigue testing, participants received CC (3 °C, 75 mmHg, 10 min twice daily for 3 days) or Sham (15 °C, 15 mmHg). Outcomes were assessed at baseline (T0), post-fatigue (T1), immediately post-first intervention (T2), 24 h (T3), and 48 h (T4). Continuous outcomes were analyzed using mixed-way ANOVA with Population as the between-subject factor and Condition and Time as within-subject factors, followed by Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons. Paired Cohen's dz was reported for key within-participant contrasts. TQR was analyzed using rank-based factorial ANOVA, and Borg CR10 scores using ordinal logistic regression. Across populations, MVC was higher under CC than Sham from T2 to T4, with the largest between-condition difference at T4 (all p < .001). Muscle stiffness was lower under CC from T2 to T4 (all p < .001). Microvascular perfusion and pressure pain threshold were higher under CC at T2 - T4 overall (all p < .001), with earlier between-condition differences in MMA athletes and young adults and delayed differences in older adults. Blood lactate was lower under CC only immediately after the first intervention session (T2; p < .001). TQR was higher under CC at T2 - T4 in MMA athletes, at T2 - T3 in older adults, and at T3 only in young adults. No adverse events were reported. CC accelerated recovery after hamstring fatigue, improving strength, stiffness, perfusion, pain thresholds, lactate, and perceived recovery across populations, with earlier benefits in athletes and young adults and delayed but comparable improvements in older adults. Registration: ISRCTN49499065.

Indexed as

CryotherapyHamstring MusclesIntermittent Pneumatic Compression DevicesMuscle FatigueAdultAge FactorsCross-Over StudiesFemaleHumansLactic AcidMaleMuscle ContractionPain ThresholdPost-Exercise RecoveryPost-Exercise Recovery TechniquesYoung AdultLactic AcidCompressionCryotherapyMuscle FatigueRecovery of FunctionSports Medicine

Identifiers

PMID42318261
PMCPMC13274438

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.