Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42319968›Full record

SynthesisDiabetes/metabolism research and reviews2026

The Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors on Lean Body Mass in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Rishi Jobanputra, Jack A Sargeant, Tatiana Plekhanova, Emily James, Abdullah Almaqhawi, David R Webb, Melanie J Davies, Thomas Yates

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Rishi JobanputraDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9585-1646
Jack A SargeantDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Tatiana PlekhanovaDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Emily JamesDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3032-9662
Abdullah AlmaqhawiDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-6035-1230
David R WebbDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Melanie J DaviesDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Thomas YatesDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Funding

Leicester Biomedical Research CentreNational Institute for Health Researchthe NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlandsthe NIHR Leicester Clinical Research Facility
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe use of pharmacotherapies with weight loss properties for the management of obesity and chronic disease are now routinely prescribed. We investigated the evidence from randomised-controlled trials for the effects on lean body mass of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in humans. MATERIALS AND

methodsPubMed, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched from inception to October 2022. The primary outcome was change in body composition focused on measures of lean body mass (LBM).

resultsThirty-six studies in population groups with obesity (n = 8), type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 20), type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 5) and polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 3) receiving a GLP-1RA or SGLT2i therapy versus placebo or active comparator satisfied our inclusion criteria, including 21 for GLP-1RA and 15 for SGLT2i. Meta-analysis showed an overall loss of LBM in the direction of the intervention groups prescribed GLP-1RA (MD: -1.51 kg [95% CI: -2.00 to -1.01]) and SGLT2i (MD: -1.04 kg [95% CI: -1.45 to -0.64]) with sub-group analysis showing largely consistent results when stratified by type of body composition outcome, type of body composition measurement technique and disease status. Results were not modified by sex. Further meta-analysis found that lean mass accounted for 28% (95% CI: 22%-34%) of overall weight loss induced by GLP-1RA and SGLT2i.

conclusionsGLP-1RA and SGLT2i are associated with a loss of LBM that appears congruent with overall weight loss. Monitoring of body composition and provision of combined therapy to preserve lean mass during weight loss should be considered.

Indexed as

Body CompositionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsObesitySodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsFemaleHumansPolycystic Ovary SyndromeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicWeight LossGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorsbody compositionglucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistslean body masssodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitorsweight loss

Identifiers

PMID42319968
PMCPMC13282017

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.