Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42322619›Full record

ReviewBlood purification2026

Treatment of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Emerging Extracorporeal Therapies.

Flora R Gallegos, Kinnari Vala, Jieji Hu, Sidharth Kumar Sethi, Dean Spyres, Rama Safadi, Shay Tanna, Shahenaz Kapadia, Ali Duzova, Sampson K Antwi and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Blood purification, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Flora R GallegosCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA.
Kinnari ValaInstitute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center and Dr. H L Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat University of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, India.
Jieji HuCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA.
Sidharth Kumar SethiPediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Kidney Transplantation, Kidney and Urology Institute, Medanta, The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, India.
Dean SpyresCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA.
Rama SafadiCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA.
Shay TannaDepartment of Nephrology, Akron Nephrology Associates, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio, USA.
Shahenaz KapadiaInstitute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center and Dr. H L Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat University of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, India.
Ali DuzovaDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
Sampson K AntwiDepartment of Child Health, SMS-KNUST/KATH, Kumasi, Ghana.
Rupesh RainaDepartment of Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA, rraina@akronchildrens.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) involves glomerular scarring and podocyte injury. FSGS treatment typically involves the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. In patients with steroid-resistant FSGS, however, no ideal treatment exists. Extracorporeal therapies such as plasma exchange and low-density lipoprotein apheresis may be promising options for managing lipid-mediated nephrotoxicity found in patients with steroid-resistant FSGS. Unfortunately, these extracorporeal techniques are inaccessible in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to high costs and infrastructure challenges.

methodsThe use of extracorporeal therapies for FSGS management was evaluated at a single center. Additionally, a literature search was conducted across multiple databases to identify studies that explored FSGS treatment modalities in LMICs. Eligibility was assessed based on discussion of viability, efficacy, and application of therapies.

resultsIt was found that double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) and other extracorporeal therapy modalities have exhibited potential in attaining remission in patients with steroid-resistant FSGS, primarily in settings with limited resources. DISCUSSION: The development of improvements in extracorporeal therapy, such as modified DFPP, may offer cost improvements due to reduced fluid replacement, which may lead to increased use in LMICs. Twinning programs and governmental intervention may be used to address the gaps in FSGS care in LMICs. Future efforts involve expanding access to plasmapheresis in the management of FSGS, especially in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

Double-filtration plasmapheresisExtracorporeal therapiesFocal segmental glomerulosclerosisLow- and middle-income countries

Identifiers

PMID42322619
PMCPMC13450980

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.