ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Targeted therapy in thyroid cancer: molecular alterations and clinical management.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: This review summarizes key actionable molecular alterations in thyroid cancer and examines how molecular profiling can be translated into practical, subtype-specific targeted treatment strategies for advanced, recurrent, or radioiodine-refractory disease. Methods: A narrative synthesis was performed using evidence from landmark clinical trials, current consensus guidelines, and representative translational studies on thyroid cancer drivers and targeted therapies. Molecular targets were categorized by signaling pathways and pathological subtypes (DTC, PTC/FTC, ATC/PDTC, and MTC), with emphasis on clinical indications, efficacy signals, and toxicity profiles. Results: The identification of specific genomic drivers, such as BRAF V600E, RET mutations/fusions, and NTRK fusions, has revolutionized the management of thyroid cancer. Precision highlights include the use of BRAF/MEK inhibitors in BRAF-mutant ATC and highly selective RET or TRK inhibitors for fusion-positive tumors. For cases lacking these specific markers, VEGFR-targeted multikinase inhibitors (e.g., lenvatinib) remains the standard of care for RAIR-DTC. Furthermore, "redifferentiation" therapies show promise in restoring radioiodine sensitivity, while emerging pathways like PI3K/AKT/mTOR and immune checkpoints offer new avenues for combination therapy to overcome treatment resistance. Conclusions: The therapeutic paradigm in thyroid cancer is shifting from non-selective multikinase inhibition toward molecularly matched, combination-based, and adaptively sequenced strategies. Early and comprehensive genomic profiling-including fusion detection-is essential to optimize treatment selection, address resistance, and expand precision therapy options across disease subtypes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.