ReviewAmerican journal of translational research2026
Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques for cognitive impairment intervention.
Review in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cognitive impairment involves sustained deficits across several key domains: memory, executive function, attention, and behavioral regulation. The condition encompasses cognitive dysfunction linked to Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, vascular cognitive impairment, and other forms of neurodegeneration. Existing pharmacotherapies frequently yield inconsistent clinical benefits, are often accompanied by side effects, and generally lack disease-modifying properties. These limitations have spurred increasing attention toward safe, repeatable non-pharmacological strategies. Non-invasive brain stimulation, a central non-pharmacological tool, can regulate excitability in targeted brain regions, shape network-level connectivity, and facilitate activity-dependent neuroplasticity. Evidence from multiple clinical settings supports its potential to improve cognitive outcomes. This review centers on major NIBS techniques: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, gamma-frequency sensory stimulation, photobiomodulation, and transcranial ultrasound stimulation. We synthesize their underlying mechanisms, clinical applications, and supporting evidence, aiming to provide an evidence-based framework to guide standardized clinical implementation and future research design in this area.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.