Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42326513›Full record

ArticleResearch square2026

Interconnected influences of diet, gut microbiome, and metabolome on cognition across three metabolomics platforms.

Lora Khatib, Lucas Patel, Siamak MahmoudianDehkordi, Jennifer S Labus, Julius Agongo, Kamil Borkowski, Madison Ambre, Christopher Brydges, Leyla Schimmel, Colette Blach and 17 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Lora KhatibDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6998-8278
Lucas PatelDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8607-2782
Siamak MahmoudianDehkordiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Jennifer S LabusG. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6634-2551
Julius AgongoSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Kamil BorkowskiGenome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Madison AmbreDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Christopher BrydgesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Leyla SchimmelDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Colette BlachDuke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
Alzheimer Gut Microbiome Project Consortium
Naama KaruTasmanian Independent Metabolomics and Analytical Chemistry Solutions (TIMACS), Hobart, Tasmania, 7008, Australia.
Matthew TaylorDepartment of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160.
Edgar DiazDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Jared BroschDepartment of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.ORCID 0000-0002-6578-0584
Barbara BendlinWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.ORCID 0000-0002-0580-9875
Russell SwerdlowUniversity of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Fairway, Kansas 66205.ORCID 0000-0003-2948-7230
Victor W HendersonDepartments of Epidemiology & Population Health and of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0003-1198-9240
Doris Suyu ChenUniversity of California Davis Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Sacramento, CA.
Andrew J SaykinIndiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.ORCID 0000-0002-1376-8532
Suzanne CraftWake Forest University School of Medicine Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157.
James BrewerShiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Thomas WisniewskiNew York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3379-8966
Erik D RobersonDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1810-9763
Pieter C DorresteinSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Rima Kaddurah-DaoukDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1858-5732
Rob KnightDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cognitive impairment is increasing with global aging, yet mechanisms linking diet, the gut microbiome, and metabolism to cognitive function remain unclear. To investigate a diet-microbiome-metabolome axis associated with cognition, we integrated fecal metagenomics, diet, and multi-platform plasma metabolomics in 505 older adults from four ADRCs. Several microbes broadly associated with circulating metabolites were also linked to multiple measures of cognitive performance. These taxa exhibited coordinated metabolic signatures, with cognition-positive microbes associated with antioxidant, lipid, and microbial-host co-metabolites, and microbes negatively associated with cognition were linked to inflammatory and aromatic amino acid-derived metabolites. Dietary patterns, particularly the Healthy Eating Index Greens and Beans component, were associated with microbial composition and metabolomic structure. Mediation analyses supported a diet-microbe-metabolite-cognition pathway, while metabolites remained associated with cognition after accounting for microbial features. These findings highlight the metabolome as a central integrator of diet, microbial activity, and cognitive function.

Identifiers

PMID42326513
PMCPMC13278265

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.