Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42327327›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Sex-related structural alterations across common epilepsies: a worldwide ENIGMA study.

Huantao Wen, Bin Wan, Taha Gholipour, Ke Xie, Judy Chen, Bianca Serio, Meike D Hettwer, Marina K M Alvim, Donatello Arienzo, Rafael Batista João and 59 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

69 authors.

Huantao WenMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-3983-2270
Bin WanMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9077-3354
Taha GholipourDepartment of Neurosciences, 9300 Campus Point Drive, #7740, La Jolla, 92037, CA, USA.
Ke XieCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7101-2493
Judy ChenCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Bianca SerioMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Meike D HettwerMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Marina K M AlvimDepartment of Neurology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, 13083-887, SP, Brazil.
Donatello ArienzoDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.
Rafael Batista JoãoDepartment of Neurology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, 13083-887, SP, Brazil.
Tobias BauerDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
Andrea BernasconiCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Neda BernasconiCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Paolo BonanniScientific Institute IRCCS E.Medea, Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Conegliano, Italy.
Maria Eugenia CaligiuriNeuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Fernando CendesBrazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Rua Vital Brasil 251, Campinas, 13083888, SP, Brazil.
Raphaël ChristinDepartment of Neurology, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA.
Luis ConchaInstituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-7842-3869
Arielle DascalCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Edward Davoodi BoydDepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, 2799 W Grand Blvd, Detriot, 48202, MI, USA.
Orrin DevinskyEpilepsy Center, Neurology Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , 223 E 34 Street , New York, 10016, NY, USA.
Niels K N FockeUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Clinic for Neurology, Göttingen, Germany.
Francesco FortunatoInstitute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Italy, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
Marian GalovicDepartment of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-2307-071X
Antonio GambardellaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Calabria, Italy.
Renzo GuerriniNeuroscience and Human Genetics Department, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, viale Pieraccini 24, Florence, 50139, Italy.
Sean N HattonDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9149-8726
Mirana IlizaDepartment of Psychology, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Sara InatiNeurophysiology of Epilepsy Unit, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Rm 7-5680, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
Victoria Ives-DeliperiDepartment of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Cape Town, 7800, Western Cape, South Africa.
Robert-Paul JusterDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montreal, Montreal, H3T1J4, QC, Canada.
Jonathan K KleenDepartment of Neurology, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2622-3205
Mohamad Z KoubeissiDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine. George Washington University ,Washington, USA.
Angelo LabateNeurology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy, Via del vespro 129, Palermo, 90127, PA, Italy.
Sara LarivièreDepartment of Medical imaging and radiation sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Meng LawDepartment of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia.
Matteo LengeNeuroscience and Human Genetics Department, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, viale Pieraccini 24, Florence, 50139, Italy.
Stefano MelettiBiomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences, OCB Hospital, Via giardini 1355, Modena, 41126, Italy.
Patrick B MoloneyResearch Department of Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.
Marlo NaishCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Alexander NgoCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8999-9388
Terence J O'BrienDepartment of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia.
Raluca PanaCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Sofia PanzeriNeuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Italy.
Heath PardoeNew York University Grossman School of Medicine, 223 E 34th St, New York, 10016, NY, USA.
Erik H U RaufUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Clinic for Neurology, Göttingen, Germany.
Antonella RivaDepartment of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
Raúl Rodríguez-CrucesCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2917-1212
Jessica RoyerCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Theodor RüberDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
Ella SahlasCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7119-977X
Lucas Scárdua-SilvaNeuroimaging Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil, Campinas, Sâo Paulo, Brazil.
Kai Michael SchubertDepartment of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland.
Leigh N SepetaDepartment of Neuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Avenue NW Washington, 20010, USA.
Mariasavina SeverinoNeuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Italy.
Benjamin SinclairSchool of Translational Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, VIC, Australia.
Hamid Soltanian-ZadehDepartments of Research Administration and Radiology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, Detriot, 48202, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7302-6856
Travis StoubNeurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Pasquale StrianoDepartment of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
Sophia I ThomopoulosImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, 90033, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0046-4070
Nina V ValientesCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Anna Elisabetta VaudanoDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neuronal sciences, University of Modena and Reggio-Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Lucy VivashDepartment of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia.
Clarissa L YasudaBrazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Rua Vital Brasil 251, Campinas, 13083888, SP, Brazil.
Paul M ThompsonImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, 90033, CA, USA.
Sanjay M SisodiyaResearch Department of Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.
Carrie R McDonaldDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.
Boris C BernhardtCentre for Excellence in Epilepsy at the Neuro (CEEN) and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9256-6041
Sofie L ValkMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.

Funding

Training U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1M
Lifespan Epilepsy Network Signatures (LENS): Leveraging ENIGMA-Epilepsy to Predict Cognitive Aging and Surgical OutcomesR01NS122827 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CARRIE R MCDONALD · 2021 to 2026
$3.8M
High Capacity, High Performance Storage System for NeuroscienceS10OD032285 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI TOGA, ARTHUR W · 2022 to 2022
$1.7M
Predicting epilepsy surgery outcomes from individualized resting state functional anomaliesK23NS135108 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Taha Gholipour · 2024 to 2026
$703k
NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403NIH HHS S10 OD032285NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS135108NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS122827
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epilepsy is characterized by widespread structural brain alterations extending beyond the epileptic zone, involving both cortical and subcortical regions. Importantly, the clinical manifestation of epilepsy, including seizure types, psychiatric comorbidities, and treatment responses, has been shown to differ between sexes. However, sex differences in structural alterations in epilepsy have been seldomly reported in neuroimaging studies, partly due to limited sample sizes and single-center designs. Here, we systematically investigated sex differences in common epilepsies and their related clinical variables using structural neuroimaging biomarkers in an international multi-center cohort of 1,253 epilepsy patients and 1,077 healthy controls. We studied cortical thickness and subcortical volume in two types of epilepsy: temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE). Both male and female patients with TLE showed widespread cortical and subcortical thinning compared with controls. In GGE, when compared separately to controls, male patients showed only subtle structural alterations, whereas female patients exhibited more widespread structural alterations. Sex-stratified analyses revealed some variation in the extent and distribution of cortical thickness and subcortical volume alterations between male and female patients in both epilepsy cohorts. Yet, we did not find significant sex-by-diagnosis interaction effects in TLE and GGE. Similarly, no significant interaction effects were observed between sex and age of onset or disease duration in either patient group. Overall, although we observed some differences in regional cortical thickness and subcortical volume between male and female patients with epilepsy, we did not find significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions. Our findings indicate that sex differences in behavioral and clinical outcomes of epilepsy may involve biological or functional processes that require further investigation.

Identifiers

PMID42327327
PMCPMC13277886

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.