Evidence mapPaperPMID 42327475Full record

ReviewHealth science reports2026

Multifaceted Role of Extracellular Vesicles: Intercellular Messengers to Therapeutic Applications: A Narrative Review.

Kajal Kamra, Satya Kumar Lalam, Shefali Srivastava, Madan Kumar Arumugam, Lokesh Kumar Boopathy, Simran Takkar, Zhiqiu Xia, Sabarinath Peruvemba Subramanian

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kajal KamraDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-3826
Satya Kumar LalamDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-7028
Shefali SrivastavaDepartment of Immunology, Pathology and Infectious Disease University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5343-9144
Madan Kumar ArumugamCancer Biology Lab, Center for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-7857
Lokesh Kumar BoopathyDepartment of Biochemistry JR Medical College and Hospital, BIHER India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8730-7440
Simran TakkarDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9740-7475
Zhiqiu XiaDepartment of Neurological Sciences University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1430-8992
Sabarinath Peruvemba SubramanianZoetis Inc. Kalamazoo Michigan USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-0184

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale carriers, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, that mediate intercellular communication by transporting proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. They regulate immunity, tissue repair, and cell differentiation. Increasing evidence highlights their dual roles in disease, where they may promote tumor growth and immune evasion but also serve as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. This review synthesizes advances in EV biology, their roles in health and disease, and their therapeutic potential. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of recent literature, focusing on EV isolation methods, biological functions, and clinical applications. Sources were selected to capture both mechanistic insights and translational perspectives. Results: Advances in isolation technologies, from ultracentrifugation to microfluidics, have improved the precision of EV characterization. EVs exhibit distinct molecular signatures, positioning them as promising biomarkers in cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. Mechanistic studies demonstrate their roles in immune modulation, tissue remodeling, and regeneration. As therapeutic agents, EVs show promise as drug delivery systems and as platforms for gene and immunotherapies, offering enhanced targeting and reduced toxicity compared to synthetic nanoparticles. Engineered EVs and hybrid EV-liposome systems further expand their applications, though challenges persist in scalability, standardization, and safety. Conclusion: EVs are central mediators of intercellular communication with transformative potential in diagnostics and therapeutics. Their biological properties position them as valuable biomarkers and delivery vehicles in precision medicine. Overcoming translational challenges, such as immunogenicity, oncogenic risks, and manufacturing limitations, will be essential for their successful clinical integration.

Indexed as

biomarkerdisease pathogenesisextracellular vesiclesintercellular communicationtherapeutic applications

Identifiers

PMID42327475
PMCPMC13277755

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.