Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42330737›Full record

ArticleJACC. Advances2026

Sustained Reduction in Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Long COVID: A Report from the RECOVER-adult Cohort Study.

Julia Moore Vogel, Trevor Jenkins, Marta Cerda, Hillary Chen, Jason Goldman, Stuart D Katz, Thomas F Patterson, Hassan Ashktorab, Logan Bartram, Souptik Barua and 45 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JACC. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

55 authors.

Julia Moore VogelSage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, USA; Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA. Electronic address: juliamv@scripps.edu.
Trevor JenkinsHarrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio, USA.
Marta CerdaIllinois Research Network (ILLInet), Illinois Unidos, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Hillary ChenIndependent Patient Representative, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Jason GoldmanProvidence Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Stuart D KatzNYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Thomas F PattersonUT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Hassan AshktorabHoward University, College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Logan BartramIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Souptik BaruaNYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Hassan BrimHoward University, College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Jeanette P BrownUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Mario CastroUniversity of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
Elias Chaibub NetoSage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, USA.
David ChestekIllinois Research Network (ILLInet), University of Illinois, Illinois, USA.
Matthew S DurstenfeldUniversity of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Kristine M ErlandsonUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center; Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Valerie FlahermanUniversity of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Andrea S FoulkesMassachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Maher GhamloushTufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Francois HaddadStanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Jennifer HadlockInstitute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA.
James R HeathUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Bjoern HornikelUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Elizabeth W KarlsonBrigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Elizabeth S KaufmanMetroHealth Campus, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Dean L KelloggUniversity of Texas Health Science Center and Veterans Administration Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Emily B LevitanUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Bruce D LevyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jeff MartinUniversity of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Grace A McComseyCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Torri D MetzUniversity of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Robert W MotlIllinois Research Network (ILLInet), University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Talal MoukabaryUniversity of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Janet M MullingtonBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Igho OfotokunEmory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Megumi J OkumuraUniversity of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Sairam ParthasarathyUniversity of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Beth A PlunkettEndeavor Health (previously NorthShore University HealthSystem), Evanston, Illinois, USA.
W Brian ReevesUT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Franz RischardUniversity of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
JohnRoss RizzoNYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Jake A ScottStanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Zaki A SherifHoward University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA.
Tanayott ThaweethaiMassachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Joel D TrinityDivision of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Meghasyam TummalacherlaSage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Alfredo E UrdanetaStanford Hospitals and Clinics, Stanford, California, USA.
Andrew J VaseyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Daphne-Dominique VillanuevaWest Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
Tiffany A WalkerUniversity of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Zanthia WileyUniversity of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Solveig K SiebertsSage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Jerry A KrishnanIllinois Research Network (ILLInet), University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
RECOVER Consortium

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLong-term effect of COVID-19 (Long COVID) may persist for months or years after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but longer-term cardiopulmonary manifestations have not been previously reported.

objectivesThe objective of the study was to characterize cardiopulmonary function after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a digital health substudy of the nationwide Researching COVID-19 to Enhance Recovery Adult Cohort Study.

methodsAssociations between wearable sensor device measures of cardiopulmonary fitness and survey-derived Long COVID symptoms were estimated over a 6-month window at least 6 months after infection using linear regression models adjusted for wear time, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index.

resultsAmong 1,475 participants (72% female, 65% non-Hispanic White) a median of 21 months (IQR: 15-31 months) after infection, 498 (34%) had high symptom burden as characterized by the Researching COVID-19 to Enhance Recovery Long COVID Research Index (LCRI). High LCRI (vs low LCRI) was associated with significantly lower heart rate variability (-4.4 ms; 95% CI: -6.5 to -2.4; P < 0.001), higher resting heart rate (+1.5 beats/min [+0.7 to +2.4]; P < 0.001), fewer metabolic equivalent of task minutes (-96.3 [-128.8 to -63.8]; P < 0.001), lower step counts (-1,624 steps/day [-1,952 to -1,296]; P < 0.001), and lower activity levels (-7.9 minutes/day very or fairly active [-10.9 to -5.0]; P < 0.001). Hierarchal clustering analysis identified two subphenotypes with abnormal cardiovascular measures associated with low quality of life scores.

conclusionsLong COVID is associated with worse cardiovascular fitness. Additional studies are needed to determine if Long COVID is a novel risk factor for incident cardiovascular disease.

Indexed as

digital healthheart rate variabilitylong COVIDphysical activitywearables

Identifiers

PMID42330737
PMCPMC13315523

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.