ArticleScientific reports2026
Characterization of resistance to rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in an indica rice land race Aganni: insights on pre and post infection defence responses.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the important biotic constraints limiting rice production in many rice growing areas of the world, especially in aerobic and direct seeded conditions. Controlling M. graminicola using traditional management methods is challenging. Identification of rice genotypes resistant to M. graminicola is crucial for developing effective and sustainable nematode management strategies. In the present study, twenty-five indica rice genotypes were evaluated for their resistance against M. graminicola. Among them, one genotype was found resistant, two as moderately resistant, while the remaining were either susceptible or highly susceptible based on relative root-galls index. The rice genotype Aganni exhibited the highest level of resistance, with a relative root gall index ranging from 0.80 to 0.85. The consistency of resistance in Aganni was further validated across multiple seasons and under different experimental setups. Root attraction assays with the resistant genotype Aganni and the susceptible cultivar TN1 revealed reduced nematode attraction to Aganni roots, indicating a pre-infection resistance response. In addition, the comparative biological studies revealed that the nematode penetration, development, and reproduction were significantly suppressed in Aganni compared to the susceptible cultivar TN1, demonstrating the operation of both pre- and post-infection resistance mechanisms. Significantly higher activities of antioxidant defence enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were observed in the roots of Aganni plants upon M. graminicola infection, indicating their role in plant defence. The resistant rice genotype Aganni identified in this study therefore represents a valuable genetic resource for breeding rice cultivars resistant to M. graminicola.
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