ReviewMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2026
Harnessing nanoparticles to unlock the therapeutic potential of triptolide in cancer treatment.
Review in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, responsible for nearly 9.8 million deaths and 19.2 million new cases annually, a figure projected to rise to 13 million deaths and over 21 million new cases by 2030. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, limitations such as systemic toxicity, drug resistance, and non-specific targeting hinder effective treatment outcomes. Triptolide (TPL), a diterpenoid triepoxide derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, exhibits potent anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, modulating immune responses, and sensitizing resistant cancer cells. However, its clinical utility is restricted by poor solubility, rapid metabolism, and multi-organ toxicity. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the development of nanocarrier-based delivery systems that improve TPL's bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and tumor-targeting efficiency. Nanoplatforms such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and biomimetic vesicles allow controlled release, enhanced tumor accumulation, and reduced systemic toxicity. These systems also facilitate synergistic co-delivery with chemotherapeutics, overcoming multidrug resistance. This review comprehensively highlights the formulation strategies, mechanistic insights, and preclinical applications of TPL-loaded nanocarriers across various cancers, along with current challenges and translational perspectives. Collectively, nanocarrier-mediated TPL delivery offers a safer and more effective approach, redefining future directions in cancer therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42334682What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.