ArticleBMC psychology2026
Latent profiles of fear of falling and their determinants among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveFear of falling (FoF) is prevalent among older adults with sarcopenia, frequently causing activity-restricting fear and requiring targeted interventions. Although FoF is influenced by individual factors like impaired balance or weakness of limbs, few studies have comprehensively analyzed its multidimensional factors. This study examines the relationships between FoF latent classes and multilevel factors (individual, familial, societal) in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.
methodsThis cross-sectional study utilized convenience sampling to recruit 356 participants (age ≥ 60 years) diagnosed with sarcopenia between December 2023 and December 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, along with the Falls efficacy scale international (FES-I), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Family APGAR index, and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified distinct FoF classes. Multivariable logistic regression and a decision tree model were employed to identify the determinants of FoF profiles in older adults with sarcopenia.
resultsFour latent profiles were identified: Low Fear of falling (22.0%), Medium Fear of falling (40.7%), High Fear of falling (26.8%), Severe Fear of falling (10.5%). To identify the associated factors distinguishing these profiles, a CART decision tree was constructed. The analysis revealed that physical activity level, family APGAR index, and anxiety were the critical determinants for classifying FoF profiles. Multinomial logistic regression further quantified the associations between physical activity level and FoF profile membership, with physical activity level showing higher odds of membership in the lower-severity FoF profiles relative to the Severe Fear of Falling profile.
conclusionOur study found that FoF among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia exhibits significant heterogeneity and offers valuable insights to more effectively customize targeted programs to reduce fear severity and related burdens.
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