ArticleJournal of cardiothoracic surgery2026
Combined effect of the triglyceride-glucose index and frailty index on advanced stages among cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome patients.
Article in Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdvanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome (stages 3-4) signifies high-risk multi-organ dysfunction. The triglyceride-glucose-frailty index (TyG-FI), combining the TyG index with a frailty index, may better reflect both metabolic dysregulation and physiological decline than TyG-related indices alone. This study aimed to examine the association between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome.
methodsThis cross-sectional analysis used 2011-March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 6,960 adults with CKM syndrome. CKM syndrome stages 3 or 4 were considered advanced. Survey-weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines models were used to evaluate the relationship between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome. The discriminatory power of TyG-FI was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and compared to other TyG-related indices and FI.
resultsThe highest TyG-FI quartile had significantly increased odds of advanced CKM syndrome (odds ratio: 10.32, 95% confidence intervals: 6.51-16.34) versus the lowest. A unit increase in TyG-FI corresponded to an odds ratio of 2.78 (95% confidence intervals: 2.39-3.22). Restricted cubic splines indicated a nonlinear dose-response association between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome. Furthermore, ROC analysis demonstrated that TyG-FI had superior discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.796) compared to FI and all other TyG-related indices.
conclusionsTyG-FI shows a strong, dose-response association with advanced CKM syndrome and superior predictive performance, suggesting that a higher TyG-FI may increase the risk of advanced CKM syndrome.
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