ArticleCureus2026
Correlation Between Middle Cerebral Artery Peak Systolic Velocity and Neonatal Haemoglobin as a Marker of Fetal Anaemia.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionFetal anaemia is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) measured by Doppler ultrasound has emerged as a reliable non-invasive tool for its assessment. However, its correlation with haemoglobin levels in heterogeneous clinical populations requires further evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between MCA-PSV and cord blood haemoglobin and to assess the diagnostic utility of MCA-PSV in predicting anaemia at birth. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis prospective observational study was conducted over six months at a tertiary care centre and included 100 singleton pregnancies. MCA-PSV was measured using standardised Doppler techniques and expressed as multiples of the median (MoM). Cord blood haemoglobin was measured within 24 hours of birth. Correlation between MCA-PSV and haemoglobin was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Diagnostic performance of MCA-PSV MoM ≥1.5 was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values.
resultsA significant moderate inverse correlation was observed between MCA-PSV and cord blood haemoglobin (r = -0.42, p < 0.001). Anaemia at birth was present in 86 (86%) cases, with moderate-to-severe anaemia in 52 (52%). MCA-PSV and MoM values were significantly higher in anemic neonates (p < 0.001). MCA-PSV MoM increased with the severity of anaemia (p < 0.001). A threshold of ≥1.5 MoM showed excellent specificity (100%) and positive predictive value (100%) but low sensitivity (8.1%).
conclusionMCA-PSV demonstrates a significant inverse correlation with haemoglobin levels and is a useful non-invasive marker for fetal anaemia. While highly specific, its low sensitivity limits its role as a screening tool, emphasising the need for integrated clinical assessment.
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