Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42345616›Full record

ReviewJournal of immunology research2026

P2 Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Rhinitis: Insights From the Use of Natural Products and Preclinical Studies.

Thalita Calvet Pereira, Leandro Rocha, Robson Xavier Faria

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of immunology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Thalita Calvet PereiraLaboratory of Environmental Health Assessment and Promotion, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, fiocruz.br.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1248-8241
Leandro RochaPostgraduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ufrj.br.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0484-1918
Robson Xavier FariaLaboratory of Environmental Health Assessment and Promotion, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, fiocruz.br.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-834X

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 130703/2025-7Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 302890/2025-4Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro E-26/200.533/2026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the upper airways that is mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) and triggered by environmental allergens. Current pharmacological therapies, including antihistamines, corticosteroids, and immunotherapy, offer symptomatic relief but are limited by their incomplete disease-modulating effects and potential adverse side effects. Purinergic P2 receptors (P2Rs; P2X and P2Y subtypes) have emerged as key modulators of allergic inflammation and regulate mast cell degranulation, T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine release, eosinophil recruitment, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Natural products, including polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, demonstrate multitarget anti-inflammatory effects and have the potential to modulate P2R signaling. However, direct evidence of their activity on P2Rs in AR remains limited. This review critically summarizes the immunopathology of AR, highlights the functional relevance of P2Rs, and discusses emerging natural product-based strategies, emphasizing mechanistic insights and translational potential for the development of novel therapeutics.

Indexed as

Biological ProductsReceptors, Purinergic P2Rhinitis, AllergicAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsHumansImmunoglobulin EInflammasomesMast CellsMolecular Targeted TherapyNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinSignal TransductionAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBiological ProductsImmunoglobulin EInflammasomesNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinReceptors, Purinergic P2allergic rhinitisnatural productsNLRP3 inflammasomeP2 receptorstherapeutic targets

Identifiers

PMID42345616
PMCPMC13296238

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.