Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42345739›Full record

ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2026

Real-World Effectiveness of Semaglutide and Tirzepatide Compared With Bariatric Surgery.

Avery Brown, Suhani S Patel, Akio Kozato, Babak J Orandi, Allan Massie, Alexander Hien Vu, Eduardo Somoza, Tony Mei, Sunita Desai, Donglan S Zhang and 5 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Avery BrownDivision of Bariatric and General Surgery, NYC Health+Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, New York, USA.
Suhani S PatelDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Akio KozatoDivision of Bariatric and General Surgery, NYC Health+Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8965-9674
Babak J OrandiDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Allan MassieDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Alexander Hien VuDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Eduardo SomozaDivision of Bariatric and General Surgery, NYC Health+Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, New York, USA.
Tony MeiDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Sunita DesaiDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Donglan S ZhangDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Dorry SegevDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Akuezunkpa Ude WelcomeDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Christine Ren-FieldingDepartment of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manish ParikhDivision of Bariatric and General Surgery, NYC Health+Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, New York, USA.
Karan R ChhabraDivision of Bariatric and General Surgery, NYC Health+Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6620-8777

Funding

Institutional Career DevelopmentKL2TR001446 · NCATS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · 2022 to 2025
$2.5M
NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR005770NIDDK NIH HHS L30 DK144880NIH HHS KL2TR001446NIH HHS L30DK144880
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveDirectly compare the real-world effectiveness of semaglutide and tirzepatide to bariatric operations: sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass.

methodsThis study included adults with BMI ≥ 35 who received injectable semaglutide or tirzepatide (GLP-1RAs) or sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass (bariatric surgery) at two urban health systems from 2018 to 2024. Total weight loss (TWL) was compared up to 3 years post treatment with inverse probability weighting and mixed linear models. Intention-to-treat (any GLP-1RA) and per-protocol (1 year of continuous GLP-1RA orders) analyses were performed.

resultsOf 44,025 patients studied, bariatric surgery was associated with greater weight loss at 1, 2, and 3 years post treatment: semaglutide (n = 25,804) TWL (95% CI): 5.4% (5.3%-5.6%), 6.5% (6.4%-6.7%), and 7.4% (7.3%-7.6%); tirzepatide (n = 7308): 9.1% (8.9%-9.4%) and 10.8% (10.2%-11.3%); sleeve gastrectomy (n = 8728): 24.4% (24.3%-24.6%), 22.4% (22.3%-22.5%), and 22.0% (21.8%-22.1%); gastric bypass (n = 2185): 29.8% (29.7%-29.9%), 28.1% (28.0%-28.2%), and 28.4% (28.3%-28.5%). With 1 year of continuous GLP-1RA, findings were: semaglutide TWL: 7.2% (7.0%-7.4%), 8.0% (7.8%-8.2%), and 8.8% (8.6%-9.0%); tirzepatide TWL: 11.7% (11.4%-11.9%) and 11.9% (11.5%-12.3%).

conclusionsIn this retrospective two-center study, bariatric surgery was associated with greater weight loss than GLP-1RAs among patients eligible for both options.

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryGlucagon-Like PeptidesObesity, MorbidTirzepatideAdultFemaleGastric BypassHumansMaleMiddle AgedSemaglutideTreatment OutcomeWeight LossGlucagon-Like PeptidesSemaglutideTirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID42345739
PMCPMC13422669

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.