Evidence mapPaperPMID 42348776Full record

ReviewArchives of endocrinology and metabolism2026

Reversible congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: keys for clinical management.

Chrysoula Archaki, Maria Stamou, Andrew A Dwyer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Archives of endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Chrysoula ArchakiAristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine Thessaloniki Greece Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Maria StamouMassachusetts General Hospital Reproductive Endocrine Unit and P50 Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Center for Reproductive Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA Massachusetts General Hospital, Reproductive Endocrine Unit and P50 Massachusetts General Hospital - Harvard Center for Reproductive Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Andrew A DwyerBoston College William F. Connell School of Nursing and P50 Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Center for Reproductive Medicine Chestnut Hill Massachusetts USA Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing and P50 Massachusetts General Hospital - Harvard Center for Reproductive Medicine, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Congenitalhypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is characterized by absent/incomplete puberty and a treatable form of male infertility resulting from deficient gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion/action. Traditionally, CHH has been considered a permanent, lifelong condition. However, evidence indicates a subset men undergo reversal and recover reproductive axis function. We conducted a structured literature search (Medline, PubMed) using keywords to retrieve articles on CHH reversal (1975-2025). We synthesize the literature to provide a high-level overview of CHH and the reversal phenomenon in males. Particular focus is given to clinical aspects of CHH and reversal using a case vignette to highlight keys to management. Approximately 10-15% of males with CHH undergo reversal with sustained normalized testosterone levels and spermatogenesis off treatment. A key sign of reversal is testicular growth while on testosterone replacement therapy. Those men with some degree of spontaneous puberty (i.e., larger testicular volume), detectable follicle stimulating hormone levels , and/or pathogenic variants in GNRHR are more likely to undergo reversal. In contrast, severe GnRH deficiency, pathogenic ANOS1 and/or two or more combined pathogenic variants (oligogenicity) in CHH genes are less likely to recover reproductive axis function. Reversal is not lasting in all cases. The reversal phenomenon challenges the classical dogma that CHH is permanent and lifelong. Reversal cases highlight the plasticity of the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. Clinicians can tailor the approach to men with CHH using reversal predictors to guide supervise washout to identify reversal as well as long-term monitoring to assess potential relapse.

Indexed as

HypogonadismGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneHormone Replacement TherapyHumansHypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal AxisMaleSpermatogenesisTestisTestosteroneGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneTestosteroneKallmann syndromemale infertilitymale reproductiontestosterone replacement

Identifiers

PMID42348776
PMCPMC13299519

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.