Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42348828›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2026

Korean Red Ginseng Attenuates Dysfunctions and Modulates Inflammatory and Neuroplasticity Markers in the Harmaline-Induced Model of Essential Tremor.

Monavareh Soti, Mehran Ilaghi, Leila Bagherzadeh, Fatemeh Shahsavari, Kristi A Kohlmeier, Zeynab Pirmoradi, Mohammad Shabani

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Article in Brain and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Monavareh SotiNeuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mehran IlaghiNeuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Leila BagherzadehDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Fatemeh ShahsavariNeuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Kristi A KohlmeierDepartment of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Zeynab PirmoradiNeuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mohammad ShabaniNeuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2082-5849

Funding

Kerman University of Medical Sciences 403000067
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEssential tremor (ET) is a prevalent movement disorder characterized by tremors and other motor and nonmotor symptoms which can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life. Current therapeutic options are limited in both efficacy and tolerability. Korean red Ginseng (Panax) has demonstrated neuroprotective properties in various neurological conditions, but its potential benefits in ET remain unexplored.

methodsET was induced in male Swiss mice (n = 32) using Harmaline hydrochloride (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) administered on Days 1, 3, and 5. Korean red Ginseng (100 mg/kg) was given orally for 7 consecutive days. Motor function, anxiety-like behaviors, and cognitive performance were assessed through behavioral testing. Gene expression analysis of Pro-inflammatory mediators(TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6) and neuroplasticity markers (Lingo-1, NMDA) were performed in cerebellar tissue through RT-qPCR.

resultsKorean red Ginseng significantly attenuated Harmaline-induced tremor severity and improved motor coordination on the rotarod test. Treatment also ameliorated anxiety-like behaviors and fear-associated memory deficits in Harmaline-treated mice. At the molecular level, Korean red Ginseng suppressed Harmaline-induced elevations in pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6) and normalized the expression of Lingo-1 and NMDA receptor genes in the cerebellum.

conclusionsKorean red Ginseng ameliorated both motor and nonmotor symptoms in an animal model of ET potentially through modulation of neuroinflammatory and neuroplasticity pathways. These findings suggest that Korean red Ginseng may represent a promising therapeutic option for ET management.

Indexed as

Essential TremorNeuronal PlasticityPanaxPlant ExtractsAnimalsAnxietyBehavior, AnimalDisease Models, AnimalHarmalineInflammationMaleMiceNeuroprotective AgentsHarmalineNeuroprotective AgentsPlant ExtractsCognitionEssential tremorHarmalineKorean red ginsengMotorPanax

Identifiers

PMID42348828
PMCPMC13299056

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.