Evidence mapPaperPMID 42352013Full record

ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Life-Course Programming of Kidney Disease: Roles of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Oxidative Stress.

Chien-Ning Hsu, You-Lin Tain

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Chien-Ning HsuDepartment of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-7470-528X
You-Lin TainDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-7059-6407

Funding

National Science and Technology Council 114-2314-B-182A-048 and 114-2314-B-182A-036-MY3.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions globally and represents a major health burden. This narrative review adopts a life-course perspective to synthesize current evidence on CKD as a consequence of adverse early-life exposures that disrupt nephrogenesis, leading to kidney programming and reduced nephron endowment. The objective of this review is to integrate emerging mechanistic and translational evidence linking developmental programming, gut microbiota, and redox biology within a unified gut-redox axis framework, and to identify potential targets for early-life prevention of CKD. Central to this process is the gut-redox axis, a bidirectional network linking gut microbiota with host redox homeostasis. A balanced axis preserves epithelial integrity, metabolic stability, and immune regulation, whereas dysbiosis and oxidative stress form a self-perpetuating cycle that promotes CKD and related comorbidities. Maternal oxidative stress and impaired microbial transmission exacerbate early-life dysbiosis, persistent epigenetic alterations, and nephron deficits. In adulthood, protein-bound uremic toxins amplify oxidative injury and inflammation, further perturbing microbial composition. Experimental and clinical studies show that early-life interventions-including probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, antioxidants, and toxin-lowering strategies-can restore gut-redox balance and improve renal outcomes. These insights highlight opportunities for precision prevention and mechanism-based therapies targeting CKD across the life course.

Indexed as

antioxidantschronic kidney diseasedevelopmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)gut microbiotahypertensionlife-course approachoxidative stressprebioticsprobiotics

Identifiers

PMID42352013
PMCPMC13295628

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.