ReviewCancers2026
Extracellular Vesicles in Diffuse Midline Glioma: Emerging Mediators of Radiation Response and Therapeutic Resistance.
Review in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
DMG, including DIPG, is a highly aggressive pediatric brain tumor with dismal clinical outcomes. Radiotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, yet responses are transient and resistance is nearly universal. Emerging evidence indicates that EVs are key mediators of radiation response, facilitating intercellular communication and the propagation of radioresistant phenotypes within the tumor microenvironment. EVs carry diverse molecular cargo, including RNAs, proteins, and lipids, that can dynamically influence tumor behavior and treatment response. In this review, we focus on the role of EVs in shaping radiation response in DMG, while also examining their broader functions in tumor biology, biomarker development, and therapeutic delivery. We summarize evidence for EV-mediated regulation of tumor growth, invasion, microenvironmental interactions, and immune modulation. We further discuss the potential of EVs as minimally invasive biomarkers for liquid biopsy, highlighting both their advantages and current limitations relative to circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) approaches. In addition, we review emerging strategies utilizing EVs as therapeutic delivery platforms capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and delivering small molecules and nucleic acid-based therapies. Finally, we explore the role of EVs in modulating radiation response, including their contribution to radioresistance and their potential as biomarkers of treatment efficacy. Although EV-based approaches hold significant promise in DMG, challenges related to standardization, specificity, and clinical validation remain. Continued investigation into EV biology and translational applications may provide new opportunities for improving diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of this devastating disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.