Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42353285›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Co-Phosphoregulatory Network Underlying Functional Coherence of TLK1 and TLK2 Kinase Paralogs.

Jishna Vijayan, Suhail Subair, Mukhtar Ahmed, Athira Perunelly Gopalakrishnan, Alimath Sambreena, Levin John, Rajesh Raju, Athira C Rajeev

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jishna VijayanCentre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
Suhail SubairCentre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
Mukhtar AhmedDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Athira Perunelly GopalakrishnanCentre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.ORCID 0009-0002-1408-9280
Alimath SambreenaCentre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
Levin JohnInstitute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
Rajesh RajuCentre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.ORCID 0000-0003-2319-121X
Athira C RajeevCentre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.ORCID 0000-0002-2934-7118

Funding

Mukhtar Ahmed ORF-2026-984
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1 and TLK2) are paralogous serine/threonine kinases that share high sequence similarity yet exhibit functional divergence in cellular processes such as DNA replication, damage response, and chromatin organization. This study elucidates the paralog-specific co-phosphoregulatory networks underlying this divergence through a comprehensive analysis of 3825 human phosphoproteomic articles. Predominant phosphosites were identified as S134 and T38 for TLK1 and S73, S99, and S111 for TLK2, revealing context-dependent regulation across cancers and perturbations. Co-phosphoregulation analyses uncovered distinct networks: TLK1 associates with DNA damage signaling via proteins like ABRAXAS1, PML, and RAD9A, while TLK2 integrates with chromatin remodeling and replication through CHD4, DOT1L, NASP, and RNF20. Upstream kinases for TLK2, predominantly CDKs, link it to cell-cycle progression, whereas downstream substrates and binary interactors converge on genome stability pathways with paralog-specific nuances. These findings highlight the potential role of TLK1 on checkpoint activation and TLK2 on replication-coupled chromatin maintenance, providing insights into their roles in cancer amplification and therapeutic resistance, as well as neurodevelopmental disorders, where emerging evidence also support the involvement of TLK1 alongside TLK2.

Indexed as

Protein Serine-Threonine KinasesDNA DamageDNA ReplicationHumansPhosphorylationSignal TransductionProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesTLK1 protein, humanco-phosphoregulationphosphoproteomicsTLK1TLK2Tousled-like kinases

Identifiers

PMID42353285
PMCPMC13299901

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.