Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42353804›Full record

ReviewGenes2026

Polymeric Delivery System for mRNA Therapeutics: Design Principles and Recent Advances.

Sidi Bao, Irene Rose Reuben, Josie Ward, Wenxin Wang, Xianqing Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sidi BaoCharles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0009-0001-0217-5184
Irene Rose ReubenCharles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0009-0004-2189-0046
Josie WardCharles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-3680-3043
Wenxin WangCharles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-5053-0611
Xianqing WangCharles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-8702-3859

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82404114Research Ireland 24/FFP-A/12516Research Ireland GOIPD/2024/832
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics are redefining treatment approaches in vaccines, cancer immunotherapy, protein replacement, and gene editing. Lipid nanoparticles have enabled early clinical successes, but they can be limited by liver-dominant biodistribution, long-term storage stability, and systemic tolerability. Polymeric delivery systems offer a versatile alternative, with tunable physicochemical properties enabling precise control over mRNA complexation, protection, release, and targeting. This review examines recent progress across polyethyleneimine derivatives, poly(β-amino ester)s, poly(amino acid)s, polyesters, dendrimers, charge-altering releasable transporters, and lipid-polymer hybrids. We highlight strategies such as structural modification, stimuli-responsive designs, and high-throughput polymer screening that enhance stability, reduce cytotoxicity, and enable organ- or cell-specific delivery. Addressing challenges in immunogenicity, biodistribution, and manufacturing scalability will be pivotal to translating these innovations into safe and effective mRNA therapeutics.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsPolymersRNA, MessengerAnimalsDendrimersHumansNanoparticlesDendrimersPolymersRNA, MessengerCARTdendrimerendosomal escapehybrid nanoparticlesmRNA therapeuticspoly(beta-amino ester)polyethyleneiminepolymeric vectorstargeted delivery

Identifiers

PMID42353804
PMCPMC13300212

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.