Evidence mapPaperPMID 42354839Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2026

Maternal Microbiome in Fetal Programming: A One Health Perspective on Translational Implications for Early-Life Health.

Mariarosaria Matera, Valentina Biagioli, Ilaria Cavecchia, Maria Teresa Illiceto, Laura Pennazzi, Matilde Morandin, Maria Beatrice Lenzi, Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre, Maurizio Mennini

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mariarosaria MateraDepartment of Pediatric Emergencies, Misericordia Hospital, 58100 Grosseto, Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-2115-1701
Valentina BiagioliDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-3021-6627
Ilaria CavecchiaMicrobiomic Department, Koelliker Hospital, 10134 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-2326-2328
Maria Teresa IllicetoUnit of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Pediatrics, Santo Spirito Hospital, 65125 Pescara, Italy.
Laura PennazziDeaLuce Obstetric/Nutritional Practice, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Matilde MorandinMicrobiomic Department, Koelliker Hospital, 10134 Turin, Italy.
Maria Beatrice LenziDepartment of Neonatology and NICU, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2380-4741
Maria Elisabetta BaldassarreInterdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0590-6664
Maurizio MenniniDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4000-6004

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pregnancy represents a critical eco-biological window during which maternal physiology integrates environmental exposures, lifestyle factors, and interconnected microbial ecosystems to shape fetal development and long-term health. From a One Health perspective, defined here as the interconnection between maternal health, environmental determinants, and microbial ecosystems across generations, the maternal microbiome functions as a dynamic interface linking the external environment to the intrauterine milieu, translating ecological signals into immunological, metabolic, and neuroendocrine pathways that influence placental function and developmental programming. Across gut, vaginal, oral, and mammary niches, maternal microbial communities operate as an integrated network regulating systemic inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, and the production of bioactive metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives. This review proposes an integrated systems framework in which pregnancy is viewed as a transient ecological system shaped by ten interconnected maternal determinants, encompassing microbial niches, nutrition, lifestyle factors, medical interventions, mode of delivery, and postnatal microbial transmission, that converge on shared microbiome-mediated signaling pathways affecting fetal and neonatal immune, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental trajectories. Broader macro-environmental drivers, including biodiversity loss, urbanization, pollution, and industrialized lifestyles, are considered as upstream modulators of maternal microbial ecology within a One Health context. A systems model is presented to illustrate how environmental inputs are biologically transduced through maternal microbial networks to influence placental function, fetal development, and early-life health trajectories. Framing pregnancy as an integrated eco-biological continuum highlights the maternal microbiome as a central hub of intergenerational health and may support microbiome-informed preventive strategies and public health approaches aimed at reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) of early-life origin.

Indexed as

environmental factorsfetal programmingmaternal microbiomemother health

Identifiers

PMID42354839
PMCPMC13304029

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.