Evidence mapPaperPMID 42356216Full record

ArticleMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2026

Clinical Use of Infrared Thermography: Where Are We and Where Are We Going.

Agnieszka Wnuk-Scardaccione, Jan Bilski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Agnieszka Wnuk-ScardaccioneDepartment of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawińska Street, 31-066 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2427-9179
Jan BilskiDepartment of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawińska Street, 31-066 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2699-3798

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medical infrared thermography, which involves the use of infrared thermal cameras for the non-invasive assessment of skin surface temperature distribution, has gained increasing interest in recent years as a tool supporting diagnosis and treatment monitoring. The aim of this article is to present the historical background and critically reassess the current role of infrared thermography in medicine, with particular emphasis on standardization as a key determinant of its clinical utility. This Perspective highlights the fundamental impact of methodological variability on diagnostic performance and reproducibility. A structured framework for standardization is proposed, encompassing patient preparation, environmental conditions, device parameters and calibration, image acquisition protocols, region-of-interest definition and analysis, as well as reporting and clinical interpretation. The analysis demonstrates how inconsistencies at each of these levels reduce measurement reliability, limit inter-study comparability, and weaken clinical confidence in infrared thermography. The article also addresses the growing availability of mobile thermal imaging systems and their integration with artificial intelligence, while emphasizing the need for stronger evidence-based support across all methodological domains. The presented analysis suggests that, despite existing limitations, medical infrared thermography holds considerable potential as a supportive clinical tool. However, its broader clinical implementation remains limited by several factors, with the lack of standardized protocols constituting a major and practically addressable translational barrier. Wider adoption will require standardization efforts alongside rigorous validation studies and application-specific interpretative guidelines. Addressing these challenges through technological advances and coordinated international standardization may facilitate meaningful progress over the next decade.

Indexed as

Infrared RaysThermographyHumansReproducibility of ResultsSkin Temperatureartificial intelligenceclinical validationmedical thermographynon-invasive diagnosticthermal camera

Identifiers

PMID42356216
PMCPMC13303401

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.