Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42356240›Full record

ArticleNutrients2026

Fast-Food Consumption Frequency, Food-Choice Motivations, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Young Football Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Leandro Oliveira, Mariana Salgueiro, Marta Esgalhado

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Leandro OliveiraCBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), ECTS (School of Health Sciences and Technologies), Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-1238-1798
Mariana SalgueiroSchool of Health Sciences and Technologies, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
Marta EsgalhadoCBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), ECTS (School of Health Sciences and Technologies), Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0370-5175

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia UID/04567/2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDietary behaviours in young athletes are shaped by multiple behavioural, social, and environmental influences, which may contribute to the coexistence of healthy and unhealthy eating patterns. This study aimed to explore factors associated with fast-food consumption frequency and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) among young football athletes.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 male football players aged 10-16 years from a Portuguese football club. Adherence to the MD was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Adolescents (KIDMED) index. Fast-food consumption patterns and food-choice motivations were evaluated through a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using standardised procedures. Correlation, linear regression, and ordinal regression analyses were performed.

resultsMost participants demonstrated high adherence to the MD (96.8%), with a median KIDMED score of 12.0 (IQR: 10.0-13.0). Although 88.3% of participants reported consuming fast food, intake frequency was generally low, with 67.0% reporting consumption never or only once per month. Higher fast-food consumption frequency was associated with lower fruit and vegetable intake and higher consumption of sweets and pastries. No significant associations were observed between fast-food consumption frequency and overall MD adherence, Body Mass Index z-score, or fat mass percentage. Higher health-related motivation scores were associated with lower odds of more frequent fast-food consumption (OR = 0.248;

conclusionsYoung football athletes showed high adherence to the Mediterranean diet despite the presence of fast-food consumption, suggesting that healthy and unhealthy dietary behaviours may coexist within the same population. Behavioural factors, particularly health motivations and food-choice autonomy, appear to influence fast-food consumption independently of overall diet quality and anthropometric status.

Indexed as

AthletesChoice BehaviorDiet, MediterraneanFast FoodsFeeding BehaviorFood PreferencesMotivationSoccerAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesHumansMalePortugalSurveys and Questionnairesadolescentsathleteschildrenfast foodfood choiceKIDMEDMediterranean diet

Identifiers

PMID42356240
PMCPMC13304575

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.