Evidence mapPaperPMID 42356372Full record

SynthesisNutrients2026

Health Effects of Plant-Based Diets in People with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ildikó Csölle, Viktória Cseh, Gábor Veres, László Czina, Daniela Kuellenberg de Gaudry, Dávid U Nagy, Almut Georgi, Szimonetta Lohner

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ildikó CsölleCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0003-3582-2541
Viktória CsehCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0009-0001-8334-310X
Gábor VeresCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0003-4413-779X
László CzinaCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0009-0008-5535-6326
Daniela Kuellenberg de GaudryCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0003-4289-5853
Dávid U NagyCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0001-7742-4459
Almut GeorgiCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
Szimonetta LohnerCochrane Hungary, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0002-6292-4802

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesNutrition plays a core role in chronic disease management, and there is growing interest in the health impact of plant-based diets (PBDs) in people with overweight or obesity. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence on the health effect of PBDs compared to omnivorous diets in overweight or obese individuals.

methodsWe searched the databases Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from inception to 3 January 2024. Two review authors independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, evaluated the risk of bias, and rated the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021225525. We used random-effects meta-analysis to analyze data.

resultsOf 2664 records identified, 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and six ongoing studies met the inclusion criteria. The available evidence suggests little to no difference between plant-based and omnivorous diets for body weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum glucose, serum insulin, insulin sensitivity, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and body fat mass. Plant-based diets may slightly reduce LDL cholesterol. They may also reduce BMI and HbA1c, although the certainty of the evidence is very low. Longer-duration dietary interventions (14 weeks or more) showed greater improvements in BMI, LDL cholesterol and HbA1c.

conclusionsPlant-based diets may represent a dietary option for people with overweight or obesity and may support modest improvements in selected cardiometabolic outcomes, although the available evidence is limited and uncertain. Most outcomes showed little or no difference between PBDs and comparison diets, while the observed effects on BMI and HbA1c were supported by very low certainty evidence.

Indexed as

Diet, VegetarianObesityOverweightAdultBody Mass IndexDiet, Plant-BasedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as Topichealth effectobesityplant-based dietssystematic review and meta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID42356372
PMCPMC13304861

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.