ReviewNutrients2026
Nutrition Across the Life Course and Risk of Young-Onset Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Prevention Opportunities.
Review in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The incidence of cancer in young adults has risen worldwide. Women comprise a disproportionate share of young-onset cases, among whom breast cancer predominates. This shift parallels globalization and urbanization, including the wider adoption of Western-pattern diets. Although hereditary syndromes explain a minority of cases, the secular rise underscores the impact of modifiable exposures, particularly diet. Prenatal life, neonatal life, childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood are critical periods during which dietary exposures may shape long-term mammary development. Mammary tissue undergoes rapid proliferation and differentiation during development, creating windows of heightened susceptibility to carcinogenic insults. However, most existing studies emphasize dietary exposures during a single developmental period; the entire span of critical developmental windows plays a formative role in shaping young-onset breast cancer (YoBC) risk, and the mechanisms underlying this life-course shaping remain insufficiently characterized. This review comprehensively synthesizes evidence on how nutrition across sensitive developmental windows shapes the risk of YoBC. We evaluate protective and adverse dietary factors within these stages and examine mechanistic pathways linking early-life nutrition to carcinogenesis, focusing on hormonal regulation, epigenetic programming, chronic inflammation, and the gut microbiome. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for English-language articles published from 1990 through May 2026, supplemented by hand-searching of relevant reviews and key primary studies. By framing nutrition and breast cancer through a life-course lens, this review provides an integrated foundation for stage-specific prevention strategies and identifies priority directions for future research on early-life dietary determinants of YoBC.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.