ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Biochemical Signatures of L-Carnitine-Induced Changes in Brain Cancer Cells Revealed by Confocal Raman Imaging: A Preliminary Study.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
L-carnitine plays a central role in mitochondrial fatty acid transport and cellular energy regulation; effects on the biochemical phenotype of brain cancer cells remain insufficiently characterized. Here, we applied confocal Raman spectroscopy and imaging to investigate the biochemical alterations induced by L-carnitine supplementation-administered as its tartrate salt-in human astrocytoma cells. Raman spectral analysis revealed distinct changes in lipid-, protein-, nucleic acid-, and cytochrome-associated vibrational features following 24 h of treatment, suggesting alterations in mitochondrial activity and cellular energy-related processes. Principal component analysis identified PC1 (93.87%) as representing the intrinsic biochemical composition of the cells, whereas PC2 (1.19%) and PC3 (0.59%) captured subtle yet consistent variations in lipid organization, protein conformation, and redox-sensitive vibrational features associated with L-carnitine exposure. Pearson correlation analysis of Raman cluster spectra indicated biochemical differences across cellular compartments, with the most pronounced changes observed in lipid droplets, supporting modifications in lipid-associated cellular processes. These findings demonstrate that Raman imaging provides a sensitive, label-free platform for resolving L-carnitine-induced biochemical heterogeneity at the single-cell level. Overall, this study highlights vibrational spectroscopy as a powerful tool for characterizing cellular responses to metabolic modulators and provides insight into the biochemical impact of exogenous L-carnitine in brain cancer cells.
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