Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42358253›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026

Genetic diversity and molecular characterization of HRSV-A on the coast of Peru, 2009-2020.

Wilmer Silva-Caso, Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis, Gustavo Evaristo Ballmann, Alessia Seminario Vittoria, Yordi Tarazona-Castro, Tomás Pumarola Suñe, Angela Cornejo-Tapia, Johanna Martins-Luna, Andrés Antón, Juana Del Valle-Mendoza

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wilmer Silva-Caso *Laboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis *Laboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Gustavo Evaristo BallmannLaboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Alessia Seminario VittoriaLaboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Yordi Tarazona-CastroLaboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Tomás Pumarola SuñeDepartment of Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Angela Cornejo-TapiaLaboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Johanna Martins-LunaLaboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
Andrés AntónDepartment of Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Juana Del Valle-MendozaLaboratorios de Biomedicina, Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to molecularly characterize human respiratory syncytial virus A (HRSV-A) genotypes that circulated on the coast of Peru between 2009 and 2020. Methods: In total, 1,694 samples were collected from pediatric patients who were hospitalized with acute respiratory infection during the study period. Samples were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. The second hypervariable region of the G gene was amplified from HRSV-A-positive samples with high viral load and subsequently sequenced for genotyping and molecular characterization. Phylogenetic reconstruction was performed using the maximum likelihood method, and temporal analysis was conducted by Bayesian inference using the Markov chain-based Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. Results: Of the total samples processed, 341 (20.13%) were positive for HRSV, of which 211 (61.88%) cases were positive for HRSV-A. A total of 53 nucleotide sequences were obtained from the partial G gene, corresponding to the second hypervariable region. Phylogenetic inference together with representative HRSV-A sequences showed the presence of clades assigned to the NA1 (A.3.1 and A.3.1.1) and ON1 (A. D, A. D.1, A. D.1.1, A. D.2.2, and A. D.5) genotypes, with evidence of co-circulation of at least two clades during the same year. A distinct monophyletic subclade within the ON1 clade A. D.1 was also identified in our population and was characterized by three exclusive point mutations (S250F, S267L, and T293I) in the analyzed region of the G protein. In addition, temporal analysis of ON1 sequences estimated an evolutionary rate of approximately 4.59 × 10 Conclusion: HRSV-A showed genetic diversity on the coast of Peru, with co-circulation of NA1- and ON1-related clades during the study period. Partial G gene analysis also identified a putative autochthonous variant within ON1 clade A. D.1, characterized by distinctive changes in the amino acid profile, and provided temporal evidence consistent with ON1 diversification. These findings should be interpreted in light of the partial nature of the sequenced region; however, they provide a foundation for molecular surveillance and future genomic studies of RSV in Peru.

Indexed as

HRSVHRSV-A lineageshuman respiratory syncytial virusPeruphylogeneticpneumoniarespiratory disease

Identifiers

PMID42358253
PMCPMC13290854

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.