ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Association of vitamin D deficiency with incident depression in patients with hearing impairment: an observational retrospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- U-shaped pattern in the association between serum magnesium levels and long-term dementia risk after traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Prevalence and non-invasive predictive models of vitamin D insufficiency in Paraguayan youth: the role of body composition and traditional mate consumption.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Hearing impairment is associated with an elevated risk of depression, yet modifiable risk factors in this population remain poorly characterized. Although vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been linked to depression in general populations, no large-scale study has examined this association among adults with hearing impairment. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Adults aged ≥18 years with hearing impairment who underwent serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] testing between 2010 and 2023 were classified into VDD (< 20 ng/ml) and sufficiency (≥30 ng/ml) cohorts. Thus, the study population represented a selected healthcare-utilizing cohort with available vitamin D measurements. After propensity score matching (48,184 per group), Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for incident depression over 12 years using a 1-year landmark design. Results: For the primary outcome, VDD was associated with a significantly higher risk of overall depression ( Conclusions: VDD was associated with increased long-term depression risk among adults with hearing impairment who underwent serum 25(OH)D testing. Vitamin D status may represent a potential risk marker for depression in this selected healthcare-utilizing population; however, the observational design does not establish that vitamin D correction reduces depression risk.
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