Evidence mapPaperPMID 42358331Full record

ReviewAIDS research and treatment2026

Prevalence of Hypertension, Diabetes, Obesity, and High Cholesterol Among Older People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Mahkameh Rafiee, Soheil Mehmandoost, Fatemeh Harandi, Mohammad Sharifi, Maliheh Sadat Bazrafshani, Azam Bazrafshan, Vahid Reza Borhaninejad, Hamid Sharifi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in AIDS research and treatment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mahkameh RafieeStudent Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2268-3364
Soheil MehmandoostHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6915-249X
Fatemeh HarandiDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran, rums.ac.ir.
Mohammad SharifiHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9044-3272
Maliheh Sadat BazrafshaniHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6170-8713
Azam BazrafshanHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-7002
Vahid Reza BorhaninejadSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-6741
Hamid SharifiHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran, kmu.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9008-7618

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic comorbidities are significant health challenges for older people living with HIV (PLHIV). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing evidence and provide the pooled prevalence of metabolic comorbidities among older PLHIV worldwide. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar for English-language documents from 2013 to 25 December 2023. To identify unpublished documents for a grey literature review, we reached out to well-known experts in HIV and aging, asking them to provide and share unpublished records, and we searched the first 300 articles in Google Scholar. We included cross-sectional studies and baseline data from cohort studies to measure the prevalence of metabolic comorbidities, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of metabolic comorbidities were estimated using random effects meta-analysis. Results: Of the 915 articles recruited articles for full text, 26 studies (including 10 in developed countries) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Most of the studies were conducted in North America. The pooled prevalence of individual metabolic comorbidities was as follows: diabetes (20 articles) 13.5% (95% CI: 10.0, 17.4), high cholesterol (eight articles) 47.3% (95% CI: 36.3, 58.4), hypertension (22 articles) 40.7% (95% CI:30.2, 51.2), and obesity (10 articles) 26.1% (95% CI:20.3, 32.4). The results showed that the prevalence of all metabolic comorbidities was higher in North America. Conclusion: We found that metabolic comorbidities are a common condition among older PLHIV and represent a significant risk factor for various diseases. Policymakers should consider implementing practical interventions, including prevention strategies, periodic screenings, and lifestyle modifications focused on promoting a healthy diet and regular exercise to manage metabolic comorbidities in older PLHIV effectively. Most studies have been conducted in developed countries; there is a need for increased research efforts in other regions.

Indexed as

diabetesHIVhyperlipidemiahypertensionmeta-analysisobesityolder people living with HIV

Identifiers

PMID42358331
PMCPMC13292179

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.